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• Definition of gastroesophageal reflux disease
• Present diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal and reflux disease
• Fetal and postnatal development of the esophagus and proximal stomach
• Histologic definition and diagnosis of epithelia in the esophagus and proximal stomach
• Definition of the normal state
• Definition of the gastroesophageal junction
• The normal lower esophageal sphincter
• The pathogenesis of early GERD
• Correlation of LES damage and GERD
• The effect of damage to the abdominal segement of the LES
• Columnar-lined esophagus
• Esophageal adenocarcinoma
• Progression of GERD at the clinical level
• Progression of GERD at a pathological level
• Molecular evolution of esophageal epithelial metaplasia
• Progression of GERD from the perspective of LES damage
• New pathologic test of LES damage
• New method of functional assessment of the LES
• Prediction of future progression of LES damage
• Proof of cencept of the new diagnostic method
• Application of the new method to present and future management of GERD.

GERD: A New Understanding of Pathology, Pathophysiology, and Treatment transforms the assessment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) from its present state, which is largely dependent on clinical definition and management, to a more objective scientific basis that depends on pathologic assessment. Sequential chapters in this single-author book describe the fetal development of the esophagus, the normal adult state, and the way exposure to gastric juice causes epithelial and lower esophageal sphincter damage at a cellular level. It allows recognition of the pathologic manifestations of lower esophageal sphincter damage and develops new histopathologic criteria for quantitating such damage. This understanding provides new pathologic criteria for definition and diagnosis of GERD from its earliest cellular stage. Algorithms based on measurement of sphincter damage can identify, even before the onset of clinical GERD, persons who will never develop GERD during life, those who develop GERD but remain with mild and easily controlled disease, and those who will progress to severe GERD with failure to control symptoms, Barrett esophagus and adenocarcinoma. Aggressive early intervention in the last group with the objective of preventing disease progression to its end points of uncontrolled symptoms and adenocarcinoma becomes feasible.

• Chapter 1: Overview of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Chapter 2: The Past, Present, and Future of Columnar-Lined (Barrett) Esophagus Chapter 3: Fetal Development of the Esophagus and Stomach Chapter 4: Normal Anatomy
• Present Definition of the Gastroesophageal Junction Chapter 5: Histologic Definitions and Diagnosis of Epithelial Types Chapter 6: Cardiac Mucosa Chapter 7: New Histologic Definitions of Esophagus, Stomach, and Gastroesophageal Junction Chapter 8: Pathology of Reflux Disease at a Cellular Level: Part 1-Damage to Squamous Epithelium and Transformation into Cardiac Mucosa Chapter 9: The Pathology of Reflux Disease at a Cellular Level: Part 2-Evolution of Cardiac Mucosa to Oxyntocardiac Mucosa and Intestinal Metaplasia Chapter 10: Pathology of Reflux Disease at a Cellular Level: Part 3-Intestinal (Barrett) Metaplasia to Carcinoma Chapter 11: Pathology of Reflux Disease at an Anatomic Level Chapter 12: Reflux Disease Limited to the Dilated End-Stage Esophagus: The Pathologic Basis of NERD Chapter 13: Definition of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Barrett Esophagus Chapter 14: Diagnosis of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Barrett Esophagus, and Dysplasia Chapter 15: Research Strategies for Preventing Reflux-Induced Adenocarcinoma Chapter 16: Rationale for Treatment of Reflux Disease and Barrett Esophagus Chapter 17: Treatment Strategies for Preventing Reflux-Induced Adenocarcinoma Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is one of the most common maladies of mankind. Approximately 40% of the adult population of the USA suffers from significant heartburn and the numerous antacids advertised incessantly on national television represents a $8 billion per year drug market. The ability to control acid secretion with the increasingly effective acid-suppressive agents such as the H2 blockers (pepcid, zantac) and proton pump inhibitors (nexium, prevacid) has given physicians an excellent method of treating the symptoms of acid reflux. Unfortunately, this has not eradicated reflux disease. It has just changed its nature. While heartburn, ulceration and strictures have become rare, reflux-induced adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is becoming increasingly common. Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastric cardia is now the most rapidly increasing cancer type in the Western world. The increasing incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma has created an enormous interest and stimulus for research in this area. GERD brings together a vast amount of disparate literature and presents the entire pathogenesis of reflux disease in one place. In addition to providing a new concept of how gastroesophageal reflux causes cellular changes in the esophagus, GERD also offers a complete solution to a problem that has confused physicians for over a century. Both clinical and pathological information about reflux disease and its treatment are presented. GERD is meant to be used as a comprehensive reference for gastroenterologists, esophageal surgeons, and pathologists alike.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Chapter 1: Overview of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Chapter 2: The Past, Present, and Future of Columnar-Lined (Barrett) Esophagus Chapter 3: Fetal Development of the Esophagus and Stomach Chapter 4: Normal Anatomy
• Present Definition of the Gastroesophageal Junction Chapter 5: Histologic Definitions and Diagnosis of Epithelial Types Chapter 6: Cardiac Mucosa Chapter 7: New Histologic Definitions of Esophagus, Stomach, and Gastroesophageal Junction Chapter 8: Pathology of Reflux Disease at a Cellular Level: Part 1-Damage to Squamous Epithelium and Transformation into Cardiac Mucosa Chapter 9: The Pathology of Reflux Disease at a Cellular Level: Part 2-Evolution of Cardiac Mucosa to Oxyntocardiac Mucosa and Intestinal Metaplasia Chapter 10: Pathology of Reflux Disease at a Cellular Level: Part 3-Intestinal (Barrett) Metaplasia to Carcinoma Chapter 11: Pathology of Reflux Disease at an Anatomic Level Chapter 12: Reflux Disease Limited to the Dilated End-Stage Esophagus: The Pathologic Basis of NERD Chapter 13: Definition of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Barrett Esophagus Chapter 14: Diagnosis of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Barrett Esophagus, and Dysplasia Chapter 15: Research Strategies for Preventing Reflux-Induced Adenocarcinoma Chapter 16: Rationale for Treatment of Reflux Disease and Barrett Esophagus Chapter 17: Treatment Strategies for Preventing Reflux-Induced Adenocarcinoma Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is one of the most common maladies of mankind. Approximately 40% of the adult population of the USA suffers from significant heartburn and the numerous antacids advertised incessantly on national television represents a $8 billion per year drug market. The ability to control acid secretion with the increasingly effective acid-suppressive agents such as the H2 blockers (pepcid, zantac) and proton pump inhibitors (nexium, prevacid) has given physicians an excellent method of treating the symptoms of acid reflux. Unfortunately, this has not eradicated reflux disease. It has just changed its nature. While heartburn, ulceration and strictures have become rare, reflux-induced adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is becoming increasingly common. Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastric cardia is now the most rapidly increasing cancer type in the Western world. The increasing incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma has created an enormous interest and stimulus for research in this area. GERD brings together a vast amount of disparate literature and presents the entire pathogenesis of reflux disease in one place. In addition to providing a new concept of how gastroesophageal reflux causes cellular changes in the esophagus, GERD also offers a complete solution to a problem that has confused physicians for over a century. Both clinical and pathological information about reflux disease and its treatment are presented. GERD is meant to be used as a comprehensive reference for gastroenterologists, esophageal surgeons, and pathologists alike.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction
• 1. Impact of a Heartless Treaty That Sold an Entire Population
• 2. Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah: Early Life and Ideological Background
• 3. Harbinger of National Consciousness: From Reading Room Party to Muslim Conference
• 4. Role as Muslim Conference President
• 5. Apostle of Secularism: Nationalization of a Secular Movement
• 6. Role as National Conference President: Confronting with Alternative Voices
• 7. Accession: Swimming Against the Tide
• 8. In Power (1947-1953): Shaky Foundations of a Democratic Edifice
• 9. Out of Power: Trapped in His Own Cage
• 10. Accord: A Lion Made Toothless
• 11. Regaining Power: A Shadow of His Own. Conclusion. Bibliography.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book traces the roots of modern-day Kashmir and the role of Sheikh Abdullah in its making. As the most influential political figurehead in twentieth-century Kashmir, he played a crucial role in its transformation from a kingdom to a state in independent India. He was enigmatic and complex, to say the least. Following his meteoric rise, he dominated the political scene for more than 50 years, with enduring impact. The volume presents a keen analysis of pre-Independence events which led to the emergence of a controversial and confused identity of the region. It also looks at other major themes in the political life of Kashmir, including the formation of the Muslim Conference, the plebiscite movement and the Kashmir Accord. A major intervention in the political life of South Asia, this book presents an inside-view of the history of modern Kashmir through the life and times of Sheikh Abdullah. It will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of politics, history, and modern South Asia.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)