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This work includes proceedings from the Tenth International Conference on Artificial Life, marking two decades of interdisciplinary research in this growing scientific community. "Artificial Life" is an interdisciplinary effort to investigate the fundamental properties of living systems through the simulation and synthesis of life-like processes in artificial media. The field brings a powerful set of tools to the study of how high-level behavior can arise in systems governed by simple rules of interaction. This tenth volume marks two decades of research in this interdisciplinary scientific community, a period marked by vast advances in the life sciences. The field has contributed fundamentally to our understanding of life itself through computer models, and has led to novel solutions to complex real-world problems - from disease prevention to stock market prediction - across high technology and human society. The proceedings of the biennial A-life conference - which has grown over the years from a small workshop in Santa Fe to a major international meeting - reflect the increasing importance of the work to all areas of contemporary science.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Workshop on Formal Methods in Systems Biology, FMSB 2008, held in Cambridge, UK, in June, 2008. The 9 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from the workshop lectures that all were invited contributions. The purpose of this meeting was to identify techniques for the specification, development and verification of biological models. It also focused on the design of tools to execute and analyze biological models that can significantly advance our understanding of biological systems.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

The term "artificial life" describes research into synthetic systems that possess some of the essential properties of life. This interdisciplinary field includes biologists, computer scientists, physicists, chemists, geneticists, and others. Artificial life may be viewed as an attempt to understand high-level behavior from low-level rules - for example, how the simple interactions between ants and their environment lead to complex trail-following behavior. An understanding of such relationships in particular systems can suggest novel solutions to complex real-world problems such as disease prevention, stock-market prediction, and data mining on the Internet. Since their inception in 1987, the Artificial Life meetings have grown from small workshops to truly international conferences, reflecting the field's increasing appeal to researchers in all areas of science.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

The term "artificial life" describes research into synthetic systems that possess some of the essential properties of life. This interdisciplinary text includes biologists, computer scientists, physicist, chemists, geneticists and others. The field may be viewed as an attempt to understand high-level behaviour from low-level rules - for example, how simple interactions between ants and their environment lead to complex trail-following behaviour. An understanding of such relationships in particular systems can suggest novel solutions to complex real-world problems such as disease prevention, stock-market prediction, and data-mining on the Internet. Since their inception in 1987, the Artificial Life meetings have grown from small workshops to truly international conferences, reflecting the field's increasing appeal to researchers in all areas of science.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

"Artificial Life 5" marks a decade since Christopher Langton organized the first workshop on artificial life - a decade characterized by the exploration of possibilities and techniques as researchers have sought to understand, through synthetic experiments, the organizing principles underlying the dynamics (usually the nonlinear dynamics) of living systems. In addition to presenting work in the field, "Artificial Life 5" includes a retrospective and prospective look at both artificial and natural life with the aim of refining the methods and approaches discovered so far into viable, practical tools for the pursuit of science and engineering goals.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• * An Instance of a Replicator Erik Schultes * A Case for Lamarckian Evolution David H. Ackley and Michael L. Littman * Evolution and Coevolution in a Rugged Fitness Landscape Per Bak, Henrik Flyvbjerg, and Benny Lathrup * Evolution to the Edge of Chaos in an Imitation Game Kunihiko Kaneko and Junji Suzuki * Coevolving High-Level Representations Peter J. Angeline and Jordan B. Pollack * Artificial Food Webs Kristian Lindgren and Mats G. Nordahl * Evolution of Size-Structured, Predator-Prey Community Alan R. Johnson * Iterated Prisoners Dilemma with Choice and Refusal of Partners E. Ann Stanley, Dan Ashlock, and Leigh Tesfastion * Contest and Scramble Competitions in an Artificial World: Genetic Analysis with Genetic Algorithms Yukihiko Toquenaga, Masanori Ichinose, Tsutomu Hoshino and Koichi Fujii * Emergent Properties of Balinese Water Temple Networks: Coadaptation on a Rugged Fitness Landscape J. Stephen Lansing and James N. Kremer * Artificial Life: Spontaneous Emergence of Self-Replicating and Evolutionary Self-Improving Computer Programs John R. Koza * Computational Genetics, Physiology, Metabolism, Neural Systems, Learning, Vision, and Behavioral or PolyWorld: Life in a New Context Larry Yaeger * Evolutionary Robotics and SAGA: The Case for Hill Crawling and Tournament Selection Inman Harvey * An Evolved, Vision-Based Model of Obstacle Avoidance Behavior Craig W. Reynolds * Simulation of Autonomous Legged Locomotion David Zeltzer and Michael McKenna * The Motility of Microrobots Johndale C. Solem * A Simulation Testbed for the Study of Multicellular Development: The Multiple Mechanisms of Morpohogenesis Kurt Fleischer and Alan H. Barr * Swarms, Phase Transitions, and Collective Intelligence Mark M. Millonas * How Topology Affects Population Dynamics Jeffrey O. Kephart * The Ghost in the Machine Andrew Wuensche * The Computational Completeness of Rays Tierran Assembly Language Carlo C. Maley * Emergence, Hierarchies, and Hyperstructures Nils A. Baas * Artificial Life: Synthetic vs. Virtual Stevan Harnad * Is Life as a Multiverse Phenomenon? Claus Emmeche * Against the Global Replacement: On the Application of the Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence to Artificial Life Brian L. Keeley.
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This is the third volume of papers of the proceedings of the Artificial Life workshops, held at the Santa Fe Institute in 1987, 1990 and 1992. The book continues to highlight the latest discoveries of this rapidly advancing field. Papers cover work that continues and extends the application of artificial life techniques to science and engineering problems in basic biology, ecology, evolutionary theory, growth and development, the molecular synthesis of life and robotics. The book also includes papers addressing philosophical and ethical issues raised by the pursuit of artificial life.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)
Artificial Life is the study of man-made systems that exhibit behaviors characteristic of natural living systems, such as self-organization, reproduction, development, and even evolution. It complements the traditional biological sciences concerned with the analysis of living organisms by attempting to synthesize and study life-like behaviors within computers or other alternative media. By extending the empirical foundation upon which biology rests beyond the carbon-chain based life that has evolved on Earth, Artificial Life can contribute to the theoretical biology by locating life-as-we-know-it within the larger context of life-as-it-could-be, in any of its possible physical incarnations.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

July 6-8, 1994 * the Massachusetts Institute of Technology The field of artificial life has recently emerged through the interaction of research in biology, physics, parallel computing, artificial intelligence, and complex adaptive systems. The goal is to understand, through synthetic experiments, the organizational principles underlying the dynamics (usually the nonlinear dynamics) of living systems. This book brings together contributions to the Fourth Artificial Life Workshop, held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the summer of 1994. Topics include: - Self-organization and emergent functionality. - Definitions of life. - Origin of life. - Self-reproduction. - Computer viruses. - Synthesis of "the living state." - Evolution and population genetics. - Coevolution and ecological dynamics. - Growth, development, and differentiation. - Organization and behavior of social and colonial organisms. - Animal behavior. - Global and local ecosystems and their intersections. - Autonomous agents (mobile robots and software agents). - Collective intelligence ("swarm" intelligence). - Theoretical biology. - Philosophical issues in A-life (from ontology to ethics). - Formalisms and tools for A-life research. - Guidelines and safeguards for the practice of A-life. A Bradford Book.
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Computer simulations and other dynamic, graphic, or otherwise visually-oriented material presented at the Second Artificial Life Workshop, held in Santa Fe, New Mexico, February 5-9, 1990.

• Exploring the Ocean's Microbes: Sequencing the Seven Seas (M E Frazier et al.)
• Protein Network Comparative Genomics (T Ideker)
• Bioinformatics at Microsoft Research (S Mercer)
• Protein Fold Recognition Using Gradient Boost Algorithm (F Jiao et al.)
• Efficient Annotation of Non-Coding RNA Structures Including Pseudoknots via Automated Filters (C Liu et al.)
• Efficient Generalized Matrix Approximations for Biomarker Discovery and Visualization in Gene Expression Data (W Li et al.)
• Sorting Genomes by Translocations and Deletions (X Qi et al.)
• Detection of Cleavage Sites for HIV-1 Protease in Native Proteins (L You)
• Identifying Biological Pathways via Phase Decomposition and Profile Extraction (Y Zhang & Z Deng)
• Complexity and Scoring Function of MS/MS Peptide De Novo Sequencing (C Xu & B Ma)
• Simulating In Vitro Epithelial Morphogenesis in Multiple Environments (M R Grant et al.)
• and other papers.
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This volume contains about 40 papers covering many of the latest developments in the fast-growing field of bioinformatics. The contributions span a wide range of topics, including computational genomics and genetics, protein function and computational proteomics, the transcriptome, structural bioinformatics, microarray data analysis, motif identification, biological pathways and systems, and biomedical applications. There are also abstracts from the keynote addresses and invited talks. The papers cover not only theoretical aspects of bioinformatics but also delve into the application of new methods, with input from computation, engineering and biology disciplines. This multidisciplinary approach to bioinformatics gives these proceedings a unique viewpoint of the field.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Voting Algorithms for the Motif Finding Problem (X Liu et al.)
• MSDash: Mass Spectrometry Database and Search (Z Wu et al.)
• Peak Detection in Mass Spectrum by Gabor Filters and Gaussian Local Maxima (N Nguyen et al.)
• Designing Secondary Structure Profiles for Fast ncRNA Identification (Y Sun)
• Iterative Non-sequential Protein Structural Alignment (S Salem & M J Zaki)
• Consistent Alignment of Metabolic Pathways without Abstraction (F Ay et al.)
• On the Accurate Construction of Consensus Genetic Maps (Y Wu et al.)
• Graph Wavelet Alignment Kernels for Drug Virtual Screening (A Smalter et al.)
• and other papers.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This proceedings volume contains 29 papers covering many of the latest developments in the fast-growing field of bioinformatics. The contributions span a wide range of topics, including computational genomics and genetics, protein function and computational proteomics, the transcriptome, structural bioinformatics, microarray data analysis, motif identification, biological pathways and systems, and biomedical applications.The papers not only cover theoretical aspects of bioinformatics but also delve into the application of new methods, with input from computation, engineering and biology disciplines. This multidisciplinary approach to bioinformatics gives these proceedings a unique viewpoint of the field.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Artificial Chemistries, Pre-biotic Evolution.- Chemical Organizations at Different Spatial Scales.- Formulating Membrane Dynamics with the Reaction of Surface Objects.- Multi-level Selectional Stalemate in a Simple Artificial Chemistry.- Simulation Model for Functionalized Vesicles: Lipid-Peptide Integration in Minimal Protocells.- Evolution.- Emergence of Genetic Coding: An Information-Theoretic Model.- Emergent Phenomena Only Belong to Biology.- Genotype Editing and the Evolution of Regulation and Memory.- Investigating the Emergence of Phenotypic Plasticity in Evolving Digital Organisms.- Simulation of the Evolution of Aging: Effects of Aggression and Kin-Recognition.- Ecosystems.- Artificial Ecosystem Selection for Evolutionary Optimisation.- Building Virtual Ecosystems from Artificial Chemistry.- Energy Flows and Maximum Power on an Evolutionary Ecological Network Model.- Entropy Production in Ecosystems.- Increasing Complexity Can Increase Stability in a Self-Regulating Ecosystem.- Niche Differentiation and Coexistence in a Multi-resource Ecosystem with Competition.- Variance in Water Temperature as a Factor in the Modelling of Starfish and Mussel Population Density and Diversity.- Morphodynamics, Development.- Cell Tracking: Genesis and Epigenesis in an Artificial Organism.- Developmental Neural Heterogeneity Through Coarse-Coding Regulation.- Re-examination of Swimming Motion of Virtually Evolved Creature Based on Fluid Dynamics.- Adaptive Behavior.- Adaptation to Sensory Delays.- Adapting to Your Body.- An Analysis of Behavioral Attractor Dynamics.- Artificial Emotions: Are We Ready for Them?.- Evolution of an Adaptive Sleep Response in Digital Organisms.- Where Did I Put My Glasses? Determining Trustfulness of Records in Episodic Memory by Means of an Associative Network.- Grounding Action-Selection in Event-Based Anticipation.- Learning and Evolution.- Aging in Artificial Learning Systems.- An Analysis of the Effects of Lifetime Learning on Population Fitness and Diversity in an NK Fitness Landscape.- Embodied Evolution and Learning: The Neglected Timing of Maturation.- Evolution and Learning in an Intrinsically Motivated Reinforcement Learning Robot.- Evolving Cultural Learning Parameters in an NK Fitness Landscape.- How Does Niche Construction Reverse the Baldwin Effect?.- Improving Search Efficiency in the Action Space of an Instance-Based Reinforcement Learning Technique for Multi-robot Systems.- Improving Agent Localisation Through Stereotypical Motion.- Neuroevolution of Agents Capable of Reactive and Deliberative Behaviours in Novel and Dynamic Environments.- On the Adaptive Disadvantage of Lamarckianism in Rapidly Changing Environments.- The Dynamics of Associative Learning in an Evolved Situated Agent.- Communication, Constitution of Meaning, Language.- Constructing the Basic Umwelt of Artificial Agents: An Information-Theoretic Approach.- Directed Evolution of Communication and Cooperation in Digital Organisms.- Evolution of Acoustic Communication Between Two Cooperating Robots.- Group Size Effects on the Emergence of Compositional Structures in Language.- Language Learning Dynamics: Coexistence and Selection of Grammars.- Multi-level Selection in the Emergence of Language Systematicity.- Protolanguages That Are Semi-holophrastic.- From the Outside-In: Embodied Attention in Toddlers.- Agency, Autopoiesis, Autonomy.- Autonomy: A Review and a Reappraisal.- Category Theoretical Distinction Between Autopoiesis and (M, R) Systems.- Measuring Autonomy by Multivariate Autoregressive Modelling.- Minimal Agency Detection of Embodied Agents.- Alife and Art.- Hermeneutic Resonance in Animats and Art.- Robotic Superstrings Installation: A-Life Science & Art.- Dynamics of Social Systems, Collective Behavior.- A Distributed Formation Algorithm to Organize Agents with No Coordinate Agreement.- A Multi-level Selection Model for the Emergence of Social Norms.- Evolution of Cooperation in a Population of Selfish Adaptive Agents.- Evolutionary Dilemmas in a Social Network.- Exogenous Fault Detection in a Collective Robotic Task.- From Artificial Societies to New Social Science Theory.- From Solitary to Collective Behaviours: Decision Making and Cooperation.- Individual Selection for Cooperative Group Formation.- Institutional Robotics.- Investigating the Evolution of Cooperative Behaviour in a Minimally Spatial Model.- Modeling Decentralized Organizational Change in Honeybee Societies.- Social Facilitation on the Development of Foraging Behaviors in a Population of Autonomous Robots.- Social Impact Theory Based Optimizer.- The Role of Collective Reproduction in Evolution.- Fear and the Behaviour of Virtual Flocking Animals.- Swarm and Ant Colony Systems.- Comparing ACO Algorithms for Solving the Bi-criteria Military Path-Finding Problem.- Decentralized Control and Interactive Design Methods for Large-Scale Heterogeneous Self-Organizing Swarms.- EcoPS - a Model of Group-Foraging with Particle Swarm Systems.- Efficient Multi-foraging in Swarm Robotics.- Modelling the Effects of Colony Age on the Foraging Behaviour of Harvester Ants.- Robotics and Autonomous Agents: Concepts and Applications.- A Mechanism to Self-Assemble Patterns with Autonomous Robots.- Binocular Vision-Based Robot Control with Active Hand-Eye Coordination.- Controlling an Anthropomimetic Robot: A Preliminary Investigation.- Evolution of Neural Networks for Active Control of Tethered Airfoils.- Feathered Flyer: Integrating Morphological Computation and Sensory Reflexes into a Physically Simulated Flapping-Wing Robot for Robust Flight Manoeuvre.- Guided Self-organisation for Autonomous Robot Development.- Near-Optimal Mobile Robot Recharging with the Rate-Maximizing Forager.- Neural Uncertainty and Sensorimotor Robustness.- Simulations of Simulations in Evolutionary Robotics.- Synthesizing Physically-Realistic Environmental Models from Robot Exploration.- The Evolution of Pain.- Evolutionary Computation.- A Computational Morphogenesis Approach to Simple Structure Development.- Program Evolvability Under Environmental Variations and Neutrality.- The Creativity Potential Within Evolutionary Algorithms.- The Problems with Counting Ancestors in a Simple Genetic Algorithm.- Networks, Cellular Automata, Complex Systems.- Asynchronous Graph-Rewriting Automata and Simulation of Synchronous Execution.- Catalysis by Self-Assembled Structures in Emergent Reaction Networks.- Community Detection in Complex Networks Using Collaborative Evolutionary Algorithms.- Detecting Non-trivial Computation in Complex Dynamics.- Evolution of One-Dimensional Cellular Automata by 1/f Noise.- Genotype Reuse More Important than Genotype Size in Evolvability of Embodied Neural Networks.- Information-Cloning of Scale-Free Networks.- MBEANN: Mutation-Based Evolving Artificial Neural Networks.- Measuring Entropy in Embodied Neural Agents with Homeostasic Units: A Link Between Complexity and Cybernetics.- Networks Regulating Networks: The Effects of Constraints on Topological Evolution.- Preliminary Investigations on the Evolvability of a Non spatial GasNet Model.- Semi-synchronous Activation in Scale-Free Boolean Networks.- Spatial Embedding and Complexity: The Small-World Is Not Enough.- The Application of the Idea of Extended Cellular Automata for Some Pedestrian Behaviors.- Transients of Active Tracking: A Stroll in Attractor Spaces.- Wavelet Network with Hybrid Algorithm to Linearize High Power Amplifiers.- Models and Methodologies.- A Behavior-Based Model of the Hydra, Phylum Cnidaria.- A Computational System for Investigating Chemotaxis-Based Cell Aggregation.- A Signal Based Approach to Artificial Agent Modeling.- Construction of Hypercycles in Typogenetics with Evolutionary Algorithms.- Designing a Methodology to Estimate Complexity of Protein Structures.- Designing for Surprise.- Evolving Virtual Neuronal Morphologies: A Case Study in Genetic L-Systems Programming.- Folding Protein-Like Structures with Open L-Systems.- Formal Model of Embodiment on Abstract Systems: From Hierarchy to Heterarchy.- Neuro-evolution Methods for Designing Emergent Specialization.- Neutral Emergence and Coarse Graining.- New Models for Old Questions: Evolutionary Robotics and the `A Not B' Error.- PLAZZMID: An Evolutionary Agent-Based Architecture Inspired by Bacteria and Bees.- Self-organizing Acoustic Categories in Sensor Arrays.- Self-organizing Systems Based on Bio-inspired Properties.- Stepwise Transition from Direct Encoding to Artificial Ontogeny in Neuroevolution.- Symbiosis, Synergy and Modularity: Introducing the Reciprocal Synergy Symbiosis Algorithm.- Turing Complete Catalytic Particle Computers.
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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th European Conference on Artificial Life, ECAL 2007, held in Lisbon, Portugal. The 125 revised full papers cover morphogenesis and development, robotics and autonomous agents, evolutionary computation and theory, cellular automata, models of biological systems and their applications, ant colony and swarm systems, evolution of communication, simulation of social interactions, self-replication, artificial chemistry.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)