%{search_type} search results

• A Journey Into The Past
• Early Maritime Contacts
• Trade and Port Towns of the Classical and Medieval Islamic Period
• Primitive Boats and Bronze Age Construction Features: Mesopotamia and the Persian Gulf
• Construction Features of Perso-Arabian and West Indian Ships in Medieval Islam
• Seamanship
• The Ship at Sea: Trade and Jajj
• The Ship at Sea: Naval Incursions
• General Boat and Ship-Terms
• Classic Ships
• River Boats and Deep-Sea Vessels: Types and Functions
• Warships and Transport Vessels
• Language and Culture Contact: Terminology and Technology.

This book charts the development of Islamic ships and boats in the Western Indian Ocean from the seventh to the early sixteenth century with reference to earlier periods. It utilizes mainly Classical and Medieval Arabic literary sources with iconographical evidence and archaeological finds. The interdependence of various trading activities in the region resulted in a cross fertilization, not only of goods but also of ideas and culture which gave an underlying cohesion to the Arabian, Persian and Indian maritime peoples. This study has led to a re-evaluation of that maritime culture, showing th.

• 1. The Present Study
• 2. The Dhow
• 3. The Northern Arabian Gulf and the People of the Sea
• 4. Oman and its Seafarers: Gateway to the Indian Ocean
• 5. The Dhow Industry
• 6. The Routes to West India
• 7. The Crew of an Ocean-going Dhow
• 8. The Pearldivers and Crew
• 9. The Principles of Navigation
• 10. Getting Ready: Steering and Rigging
• 11. Braving the Winds
• 12. The Sea: Portraying the Reality.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book is a study of the seafaring communities of the Arabian Gulf and Oman in the past 150 years. It analyses the significance of the dhow and how coastal communities interacted throughout their long tradition of seafaring. In addition to archival material, the work is based on extensive field research in which the voices of seamen were recorded in over 200 interviews. The book provides an integrated study of dhow activity in the area concerned and examines the consciousness of belonging to the wider culture of the Indian ocean as it is expressed in boat-building traditions, navigational techniques, crew organisation and port towns. People of the Dhow brings together the different measures of time past, the sea, its people and their material culture. The Arabian Gulf and Oman have traditionally shared a common destiny within the Western Indian Ocean. The seasonal monsoonal winds were fundamental to the physical and human unities of the seafaring communities, producing a way of life in harmony with the natural world, a world which was abruptly changed with the discovery of oil. What remains is memories of a seafaring past, a history of traditions and customs recorded here in the recollections of a dying generation and in the rich artistic heritage of the region.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Note continued: 4.1.2. Bathymetry
• 4.1.3. Factors affecting sound speed and attenuation in pure seawater
• 4.1.4. Speed of sound in pure seawater
• 4.1.5. Attenuation of sound in pure seawater
• 4.2. Properties of bubbles and marine life
• 4.2.1. Properties of air bubbles in water
• 4.2.2. Properties of marine life
• 4.3. Properties of the sea surface
• 4.3.1. Effect of wind
• 4.3.2. Surface roughness
• 4.3.3. Wind-generated bubbles
• 4.4. Properties of the seabed
• 4.4.1. Unconsolidated sediments
• 4.4.2. Rocks
• 4.4.3. Geoacoustic models
• 4.5. References
• 5. Underwater acoustics
• 5.1. Introduction
• 5.2. wave equations for fluid and solid media
• 5.2.1. Compressional waves in a fluid medium
• 5.2.2. Compressional waves and shear waves in a solid medium
• 5.3. Reflection of plane waves
• 5.3.1. Reflection from and transmission through a simple fluid-fluid or fluid-solid boundary
• 5.3.2. Reflection from a layered fluid boundary
• 5.3.3. Reflection from a layered solid boundary
• 5.3.4. Reflection from a perfectly reflecting rough surface
• 5.3.5. Reflection from a partially reflecting rough surface
• 5.4. Scattering of plane waves
• 5.4.1. Scattering cross-sections and the far field
• 5.4.2. Backscattering from solid objects
• 5.4.3. Backscattering from fluid objects
• 5.4.4. Scattering from rough boundaries
• 5.5. Dispersion in the presence of impurities
• 5.5.1. Wood's model for sediments in dilute suspension
• 5.5.2. Buckingham's model for saturated sediments with inter-granular contact
• 5.5.3. Effect of bubbles or bladdered fish
• 5.6. References
• 6. Sonar signal processing
• 6.1. Processing gain for passive sonar
• 6.1.1. Beam patterns
• 6.1.2. Directivity index
• 6.1.3. Array gain
• 6.1.4. BB application
• 6.1.5. Time domain processing.

• Note continued: 6.2. Processing gain for active sonar
• 6.2.1. Signal carrier and envelope
• 6.2.2. Simple envelopes and their spectra
• 6.2.3. Autocorrelation and cross-correlation functions and the matched filter
• 6.2.4. Ambiguity function
• 6.2.5. Matched filter gain for perfect replica
• 6.2.6. Matched filter gain for imperfect replica (coherence loss)
• 6.2.7. Array gain and total processing gain (active sonar)
• 6.3. References
• 7. Statistical detection theory
• 7.1. Single known pulse in Gaussian noise. coherent processing
• 7.1.1. False alarm probability for Gaussian-distributed noise
• 7.1.2. Detection probability for signal with random phase
• 7.1.3. Detection threshold
• 7.1.4. Application to other waveforms
• 7.2. Multiple known pulses in Gaussian noise, incoherent processing
• 7.2.1. False alarm probability for Rayleigh-distributed noise amplitude
• 7.2.2. Detection probability for incoherently processed pulse train
• 7.3. Application to sonar
• 7.3.1. Active sonar
• 7.3.2. Passive sonar
• 7.3.3. Decision strategies and the detection threshold
• 7.4. Multiple looks
• 7.4.1. Introduction
• 7.4.2. AND and OR operations
• 7.4.3. Multiple OR operations
• 7.4.4. "M out of N" operations
• 7.5. References
• pt. III TOWARDS APPLICATIONS
• 8. Sources and scatterers of sound
• 8.1. Reflection and scattering from ocean boundaries
• 8.1.1. Reflection from the sea surface
• 8.1.2. Scattering from the sea surface
• 8.1.3. Reflection from the seabed
• 8.1.4. Scattering from the seabed
• 8.2. Target strength, volume backscattering strength, and volume attenuation coefficient
• 8.2.1. Target strength of point-like scatterers
• 8.2.2. Volume backscattering strength and attenuation coefficient of distributed scatterers
• 8.2.3. Column strength and wake strength of extended volume scatterers.

• Note continued: 8.3. Sources of underwater sound
• 8.3.1. Shipping source spectrum level measurements
• 8.3.2. Distributed sources on the sea surface
• 8.3.3. Distributed sources on the seabed (crustacea)
• 8.4. References
• 9. Propagation of underwater sound
• 9.1. Propagation loss
• 9.1.1. Effect of the seabed in isovelocity water
• 9.1.2. Effect of a sound speed profile
• 9.2. Noise level
• 9.2.1. Deep water
• 9.2.2. Shallow water
• 9.2.3. Noise maps
• 9.3. Signal level (active sonar)
• 9.3.1. reciprocity principle
• 9.3.2. Calculation of echo level
• 9.3.3. V-duct propagation (isovelocity case)
• 9.3.4. U-duct propagation (linear profile)
• 9.4. Reverberation level
• 9.4.1. Isovelocity water
• 9.4.2. Effect of refraction
• 9.5. Signal-to-reverberation ratio (active sonar)
• 9.5.1. V-duct (isovelocity case)
• 9.5.2. U-duct (linear profile)
• 9.6. References
• 10. Transmitter and receiver characteristics
• 10.1. Transmitter characteristics
• 10.1.1. Of man-made systems
• 10.1.2. Of marine mammals
• 10.2. Receiver characteristics
• 10.2.1. Of man-made sonar
• 10.2.2. Of marine mammals, amphibians, human divers, and fish
• 10.3. References
• 11. sonar equations revisited
• 11.1. Introduction
• 11.2. Passive sonar with coherent processing: tonal detector
• 11.2.1. Sonar equation
• 11.2.2. Source level (SL)
• 11.2.3. Narrowband propagation loss (PL)
• 11.2.4. Noise spectrum level (NLf)
• 11.2.5. Bandwidth (BW)
• 11.2.6. Array gain (AG) and directivity index (DI)
• 11.2.7. Detection threshold (DT)
• 11.2.8. Worked example
• 11.3. Passive sonar with incoherent processing: energy detector
• 11.3.1. Sonar equation
• 11.3.2. Source level (SL)
• 11.3.3. Broadband propagation loss (PL)
• 11.3.4. Broadband noise level (NL)
• 11.3.5. Processing gain (PG).

• Note continued: 11.3.6. Broadband detection threshold (DT)
• 11.3.7. Worked example
• 11.4. Active sonar with coherent processing: matched filter
• 11.4.1. Sonar equation
• 11.4.2. Eeho level (EL). target strength (TS). and equivalent target strength (TSeq)
• 11.4.3. Background level (BL)
• 11.4.4. Processing gain (PG)
• 11.4.5. Detection threshold (DT)
• 11.4.6. Worked example
• 11.5. future of sonar performance modeling
• 11.5.1. Advances in signal processing and oceanographic modeling
• 11.5.2. Autonomous platforms
• 11.5.3. Environmental impact of anthropogenic sound
• 11.6. References
• APPENDICES
• A. Special functions and mathematical operations
• A.1. Definitions and basic properties of special functions
• A.1.1. Heaviside step function, sign function, and rectangle function
• A.1.2. Sine cardinal and sinh cardinal functions
• A.1.3. Dirae delta function
• A.1.4. Fresnel integrals
• A.1.5. Error function, complementary error function, and righttail probability function
• A.1.6. Exponential integrals and related functions
• A.1.7. Gamma function and incomplete gamma functions
• A.1.8. Marcum Q functions
• A.1.9. Elliptic integrals
• A.1.10. Bessel and related functions
• A.1.11. Hypergeometric functions
• A.2. Fourier transforms and related integrals
• A.2.1. Forward and inverse Fourier transforms
• A.2.2. Cross-eorrelation
• A.2.3. Convolution
• A.2.4. Discrete Fourier transform
• A.2.5. Plancherel's theorem
• A.3. Stationary phase method for evaluation of integrals
• A.3.1. Stationary phase approximation
• A.3.2. Derivation
• A.4. Solution to quadratic, cubic, and quartic equations
• A.4.1. Quadratic equation
• A.4.2. Cubic equation
• A.4.3. Quartic and higher order equations
• A.5. References
• B. Units and nomenclature
• B.1. Units
• B.1.1. SI units.

• Note continued: B.1.2. Non-SI units
• B.1.3. Logarithmic units
• B.2. Nomenclature
• B.2.1. Notation
• B.2.3. Names of fish and marine mammals
• B.3. References
• C. Fish and their swimbladders
• C.1. Tables of fish and bladder types
• C.2. References.

Sonar performance modelling (SPM) is concerned with the prediction of quantitative measures of sonar performance, such as probability of detection. It is a multi-disciplinary subject, requiring knowledge and expertise in the disparate fields of underwater acoustics, acoustical oceanography, sonar signal processing and statistical detection theory. No books have been published on this subject, however, since the 3rd edition of Urick's classic work 25 years ago and so Dr Ainslie's book will fill a much-needed gap in the market. Currently, up-to-date information can only be found, in different forms and often with conflicting information, in various journals, conference and textbook publications. Dr Michael Ainslie is eminently qualified to write this unique book. He has worked on sonar performance modeling problems since 1983. He has written many peer reviewed research articles and conference papers related to sonar performance modeling, making contributions in the fields of sound propagation and detection theory.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Salvage excavations conducted at Yenikapı within the frame of Marmaray and Metro projects brought to light the Theodosian Harbour and rare archaeological remains. The new finds that extended Istanbul's history to 8000 BP include an assembly of 37 shipwrecks dated to the fifth through eleventh centuries AD. This book deals with the genus-species identifications of 27 shipwrecks unearthed by Istanbul Archaeological Museums Directorate and processed by the Division of Conservation of Marine Archaeological Objects, Faculty of Letters, Istanbul University. More than 3000 samples were analysed by Prof. Dr. Ünal Akkemik of Istanbul University's Faculty of Forestry. All the shipwrecks uncovered belong to the Byzantine period; however, those of the fifth-seventh centuries were built with coniferous trees like cypress and pine whereas those of the ninth-eleventh centuries were built with broad-leaved trees like oak and chestnut. Ships of the seventh-ninth centuries, on the other hand, reflect a mixture of both tree groups. In overall, the wood identifications indicate a change from the coniferous trees to broad-leaved trees in the time span of fifth to eleventh centuries. Study of the 27 wrecks has not only cast light onto the shipbuilding techniques of the Byzantine period but also produced an invaluable database revealing the change in woods used.