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• Advanced Driver Assistance Systems.- Car-2-X Communications.- Green and collaborative driving.- Energy and Emissions Solutions for Urban Traffic Operation.- HMI Design, including Driver Cognitive Behaviour, Driver Distraction.- Intelligent Highways and Traffic Modeling.- Electric Vehicles and Electricity Grids.- Electric Energy Storage System and In-transit Charging.- Vehicle-Infrastructure Automation.- Modeling and Simulation System for e-Mobility.- Big Data in E-Mobility.- Battery Technologies for Green Transportation.- Adaptive Mechanisms of Electricity grids and Charging System.- Energy and Emissions Solutions for Transit Operation.- Computer Vision for Intelligent Vehicle.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

These proceedings gather selected papers from the 12th International Conference on Green Intelligent Transportation Systems and Safety, held in Beijing, China on November 17-19, 2021. The book contains cutting-edge research on Green Intelligent Mobility Systems, with the goal of achieving "green, intelligent, and safe transportation systems" as the guiding slogan. The contributions offered here can aid in the advancement of green mobility and intelligent transportation technology by increasing interconnectivity, resource sharing, flexibility, and efficiency. Researchers and engineers in the areas of Transportation Technology and Traffic Engineering, Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, Industrial and System Engineering, and Electrical Engineering will all benefit from the book's scope.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Smart City
• Analysis of the Tourists behavior in Lisbon using Data from a Mobile Operator
• Data driven spatiotemporal analysis of e-cargo bike network in Lisbon and its expansion: the Yoob case study
• Analyzing urban mobility based on smartphone data: the Lisbon case study
• Traceability, Optimization and Cooperative Vehicles Platooning
• Development of a hardware in the Loop Ad-Hoc Testbed for Cooperative Vehicles Platooning
• Optimal Control Based Trajectory Planning under Uncertainty
• Traceable distribution of fish products: state of the art of blockchain technology applications to fish supply chains
• Transportation modes and AI
• Train rides through Europe - Which changes do the passengers need?
• Adaptive Dimming of Highway Lights using Recurrent Neural Networks
• Berth Allocation Problem in Export Tidal Bulk Ports with Inventory Control
• Intelligent Transportation and Electric Vehicle
• Bus Journey Time Prediction: A Comparison of Whole Route and Segment Journey Time Predictions using Machine Learning
• Detection of Distracted Driving: a Smartphone-based Approach
• Detection of Invisible/Occluded Vehicles Using Passive RFIDs
• Predictive Energy Management for Battery Electric Vehicles with Hybrid Models
• Vehicle Routing Problem for an Integrated Electric Vehicles and Drones System
• Integrated Passenger-Freight Transportation Model: Metro of Quito (Ecuador) as a Case Study.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Intelligent Transport Systems, INTSYS 2022, which was held in Lisbon, Portugal, in December 15-16, 2022. With the globalization of trade and transportation and the consequent multi-modal solutions used, additional challenges are faced by organizations and countries. Intelligent Transport Systems make transport safer, more efficient, and more sustainable by applying information and communication technologies to all transportation modes. The 15 revised full papers in this book were selected from 45 submissions and are organized in three thematic sessions on smart city; transportation modes and AI; intelligent transportation and electric vehicles.

• Connected and automated transport
• Approach and key areas of focus
• Status quo
• Connected and automated transport in the Long Level 4
• Shaping change at the local level during the transition period
• Action plans
• Research team
• bibliography.

This open access publication examines the impact of connected and automated vehicles on the European city and the conditions that can enable this technology to make a positive contribution to urban development. The authors argue for two theses that have thus far received little attention in scientific discourse: as connected and automated vehicles will not be ready for use in all parts of the city for a long time, previously assumed effects - from traffic safety to traffic performance as well as spatial effects - will need to be re-evaluated. To ensure this technology has a positive impact on the mobility of the future, transport and settlement policy regulations must be adapted and further developed. Established territorial, institutional and organizational boundaries must be investigated and challenged quickly. Despite - or, indeed, because of - the many uncertainties, we find ourselves at the beginning of a new design phase, not only in terms of technology development, but also regarding politics, urban planning, administration and civil society.

• Advanced Driver Assistance Systems.- Car-2-X Communications.- Green and collaborative driving.- Energy and Emissions Solutions for Urban Traffic Operation.- HMI Design, including Driver Cognitive Behaviour, Driver Distraction.- Intelligent Highways and Traffic Modeling.- Electric Vehicles and Electricity Grids.- Electric Energy Storage System and In-transit Charging.- Vehicle-Infrastructure Automation.- Modeling and Simulation System for e-Mobility.- Big Data in E-Mobility.- Battery Technologies for Green Transportation.- Adaptive Mechanisms of Electricity grids and Charging System.- Energy and Emissions Solutions for Transit Operation.- Computer Vision for Intelligent Vehicle.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

These proceedings gather selected papers from the 11th International Conference on Green Intelligent Transportation Systems and Safety, held in Beijing, China on October 17-19, 2020. The book features cutting-edge studies on Green Intelligent Mobility Systems, the guiding motto being to achieve "green, intelligent, and safe transportation systems". The contributions presented here can help promote the development of green mobility and intelligent transportation technologies to improve interconnectivity, resource sharing, flexibility and efficiency. Given its scope, the book will benefit researchers and engineers in the fields of Transportation Technology and Traffic Engineering, Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, Industrial and System Engineering, and Electrical Engineering alike. The readers will be able to find out the Advances in Green Intelligent Transportation System and Safety.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Introduction
• 2. Transportation Systems Planning
• 3. Horizontal and Vertical Alignment
• 4. Highway Geometric Design
• 5. Traffic Operations
• 6. Traffic Safety
• 7. Geotechnical Engineering
• 8. Structures
• 9. Hydraulics.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Highway Engineering: Planning, Design, and Operations, Second Edition, presents a clear and rigorous exposition of highway engineering concepts, including project development and the relationship between planning, operations, safety and highway types. The book includes important topics such as corridor selection and traverses, horizontal and vertical alignment, design controls, basic roadway design, cross section elements, intersection and interchange design, and the integration of new vehicle technologies and trends. It also presents end of chapter exercises to further aid understanding and learning. This edition has been fully updated with the current design policies and reference manuals essential for highway, transportation, and civil engineers who are required to work to these standards.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Introduction
• 2. Transportation Systems Planning
• 3. Horizontal and Vertical Alignment
• 4. Highway Geometric Design
• 5. Traffic Operations
• 6. Traffic Safety
• 7. Geotechnical Engineering
• 8. Structures
• 9. Hydraulics.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Highway Engineering: Planning, Design, and Operations, Second Edition, presents a clear and rigorous exposition of highway engineering concepts, including project development and the relationship between planning, operations, safety and highway types. The book includes important topics such as corridor selection and traverses, horizontal and vertical alignment, design controls, basic roadway design, cross section elements, intersection and interchange design, and the integration of new vehicle technologies and trends. It also presents end of chapter exercises to further aid understanding and learning. This edition has been fully updated with the current design policies and reference manuals essential for highway, transportation, and civil engineers who are required to work to these standards.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

The fifth volume of the proceedings of the International Conference on Transportation and Development 2022, held in Seattle, Washington, May 31-June 3, 2022. This collection contains 28 peer-reviewed papers on pavement construction and maintenance. Topics include: performance modeling; hot mix asphalt pavement; maintenance and rehabilitation techniques; cement pavement; and monitoring techniques for pavement conditions.

The fifth volume of the proceedings of the International Conference on Transportation and Development 2022, held in Seattle, Washington, May 31-June 3, 2022. This collection contains 28 peer-reviewed papers on pavement construction and maintenance. Topics include: performance modeling; hot mix asphalt pavement; maintenance and rehabilitation techniques; cement pavement; and monitoring techniques for pavement conditions.

This collection contains 35 peer-reviewed papers on regional construction of transportation infrastructure presented at the Tran-SET 2022 conference, organized by the U niversity of Texas at San Antonio. Topics include intelligent transportation systems, geotechnical and structural issues, concrete materials, pavements, construction, and safety. This proceedings will be of interest to industry professionals, and academics, as well as state departments of transportation and other government agencies working to solve transportation challenges.

• Improving the Performance of QUATRE-EAR Using Linear Population Size Reduction
• Analysis of Dynamic Movement of Elevator Doors Based on Camera Videos
• Improved Firefly Optimization Algorithm Based on Cubic Mapping Model and Rough Set Theory
• Design and Implement Circuit of Wireless Charging of Parking Management System
• An Integrated System for Regional Environmental Parameters Business Data Distribution Based on Raspberry Pi
• Video Compressive Sensing Using Residual Spatial Domain Based on Mutual Information for Vehicle Video Compressive Algorithm
• Realization of Secure Mutual Authentication Testing for High-Level Biosafety Laboratory Management Software System
• Cryptanalysis of a Pairing-based Authentication Scheme for Smart Grid Communications
• Convolutional Neural Network Combined with Emotional Dictionary Apply in Chinese Text Emotional Classification
• Node Localization in Wireless Sensor Network by Ant Lion Optimization
• Cryptanalysis of an Authenticated Key Agreement Scheme for Fog-driven IoT Healthcare System
• A Multi-objective Optimization Model for Location Allocation of Railway Cargo Storage and Its Evolutionary Algorithm Design
• Adaptive Security for Automatic Protection of Data
• The Flying Car--A Solution for Green Transportation
• Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
• An Audit: IoT-Based Smart Cities
• Planning and Analysis of Underground Logistics System that Integrates with Urban Infrastructures
• Study on IC Process Parameter Control of MOVCD Using PID Algorithm
• Development of a Vehicle Monitoring System for Low-Emission Zone Application Based on OBD Technology
• 12306 Availability Zone Location Model Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process
• Prediction of Credit Risk in Electronic Commerce Financial Industry Based On Decision Tree Method
• Research on New Ticket System Architecture Based on Middle Platform
• Research on Order Matching Based on the Big Data of Rail-Water Combined Transportation
• A Data-Driven Car-Following Model that Considers Impacts of Car-Truck Combinations
• Research on Optimization Design of Blocking Section Length of High-Speed Railway.

This book constitutes the Proceedings of The Third International Conference on Smart Vehicular Technology, Transportation, Communication and Applications (VTCA 2019), Arad, Romania, held on October 15-18 October 2019 in Arad, Romania. This edition is technically co-sponsored by "Aurel Vlaicu" University of Arad, Romania, Southwest Jiaotong University, Fujian University of Technology, Chang'an University, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Big Data Mining and Applications, and National Demonstration Center for Experimental Electronic Information and Electrical Technology Education (Fujian University of Technology), China, Romanian Academy and General Association of Engineers in Romania - Arad Section. The book covers a range of topics including algorithms for optimization, video processing, parking management, IoT, software testing, cryptanalysis, NLP, CNN, wireless sensors network, adaptive security, data protection, green transportation, AI, smart cities, train control, analytic hierarchy process, big data, car following model, etc. The books help to disseminate the knowledge about some active research directions in the field Vehicle Technology and Communication. The book provides useful information to professors, researchers and graduated students in area of Vehicle Technology and Communication.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Overview of highway location and alignment optimization problem: Introduction
• Highway cost and constraints
• Review of artificial intelligence-based models for optimizing highway location and alignment design
• Highway alignment optimization with genetic algorithms: Modeling highway alignments with genetic algorithms
• Highway alignment optimization formulation
• Constraint handling for evolutionary algorithms
• Highway alignment optimization through feasible gates
• Prescreening and repairing in highway alignment optimization
• Optimizing simple highway networks: An extension of genetic algorithms-based highway alignment optimization: Overview of discrete network design problem
• Bi-level highway alignment optimization within a small highway network
• Bi-level HAO model application example
• Highway alignment optimization model applications and extensions: HAO model application in Maryland Brookeville bypass project
• HAO model application in US 220 project
• HAO model application in Maryland ICC project
• Related developments and extensions

This monograph provides a comprehensive overview of methods for searching, evaluating, and optimizing highway location and alignments using genetic algorithms (GAs), a powerful Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique. It presents a two-level programming structure to deal with the effects of varying highway location on traffic level changes in surrounding road networks within the highway location search and alignment optimization process. In addition, the proposed method evaluates environmental impacts as well as all relevant highway costs associated with its construction, operation, and maintenance. The monograph first covers various search methods, relevant cost functions, constraints, computational efficiency, and solution quality issues arising from optimizing the highway alignment optimization (HAO) problem. It then focuses on applications of a special-purpose GA in the HAO problem where numerous highway alignments are generated and evaluated, and finally the best ones are selected based on costs, traffic impacts, safety, energy, and environmental considerations. A review of other promising optimization methods for the HAO problem is also provided in this monograph.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. The promise and hype regarding automated driving and MaaS 6 1.1 The promise 6 1.2 What do we mean by the term 'automated driving'? 9 1.3 The hype 11 2 Automated Driving levels 27 2.1 SAE J3016 27 2.2 The Significance of Operational Design Domain (ODD 38 2.3 Deprecated terms 39 2.4 No relative merit 40 2.5 Mutually Exclusive Levels 40 2.6 J3016 Limitations 41 2.7 Actors in the automated vehicle paradigm 42 2.8 Other functions 49 2.8.1 Regulation data access 49 3 The current reality 51 3.1 UNECE WP 29 51 3.2 Social acceptance 53 3.3 SMMT 53 3.4 Other observations 54 3.5 The European Commission 55 3.6 Legislation 56 3.7 Subsidiarity 57 3.8 Viewpoints 57 4 Automated Driving Paradigms 60 4.1 OECD 60 4.4 Communications evolution 60 4.2 Cooperative ITS 62 4.3 The C-ITS Platform 65 4.5 Holistic approach 67 4.6 It won't happen quickly 68 4.7 Implications of fully automated vehicles 69 5 The MaaS Paradigm 81 5.1 Purist definition for MaaS 81 5.2 Vehicle manufacturer perspective for MaaS 81 5.3 Traditional transport service provider perspective for MaaS 82 5.4 MaaS from the perspective of the MaaS Broker 82 5.5 MaaS as a tool for Social Engineering 87 5.6 MaaS experience to date 89 5.7 MaaS and Covid-19 89 6 Challenges facing automated driving 93 7 Potential problems hindering the instantiation of MaaS 98 7.1 Root causes of obstacles 98 7.2 Level of community readiness 98 7.3 Level of Social Engineering readiness 99 7.4 Perception of risks 101 7.5 Level of market readiness 101 7.6 Level of Software solution readiness 103 7.7 Training 103 7.8 Timing 103 7.9 Institutional & Governance 103 8 Potential solutions to overcoming barriers to automated driving 106 8.1 Vehicle manufacturers flawed paradigm of the automated vehicle 106 8.2 Vehicle manufacturers using different paradigms for competitive advantage 107 8.3 Road operator's responsibilities 110 8.4 New modes of transport and new mobility services must be safe and secure by design 118 8.5 How other road users interact with AVs 119 8.6 Automated vehicles will have to be able to identify and consistently respond to different forms of communication 119 8.7 AV's by themselves will not necessarily be smarter than conventional vehicles 122 8.8 Congestion levels will not drop significantly 124 8.9 Automated vehicles will release unsatiated demand 125 8.10 Safety and some operational data must be freely shared 128 8.11 Mixed AV and conventional traffic 128 8.12 AV Acceptability 129 8.13 Low latency communication 130 8.14 Roads could be allocated exclusively to AVs 133 8.15 Automated and connected vehicles bring new requirements 135 8.16 Cybersecurity 136 8.17 Changing speed limits and even getting signs put up can take years 141 8.18 Political decisions needed 142 8.19 Role of government 143 8.20 Fallback to driver 149 8.21 Range of services supported 156 8.21.1 Services that can be instantiated without the support of the local infrastructure 157 8.21.2 Services that can only be provided using data/information from the local infrastructure 158 8.21.3 Services that can be enhanced/improved/extended by using data/information from the local infrastructure 158 8.21.4 The HARTS architecture with reference to C-ITS platform Day/Day 1.5 services 160 8.22 Young drivers and experience 197 8.23 Liability 198 8.24 Level 5 may take a long time to instantiate 203 9 Potential solutions to overcoming barriers to MaaS 205 9.1 Addressing General issues 205 9.2 Essentials to enable MaaS 206 9.2.1 Trust 207 9.2.2 Impartiality 207 9.2.3 Cooperation 208 9.2.4 Integration services 208 9.2.5 Commercial agreements 209 9.2.6 Data protection 210 9.2.7 Solid Governance model 211 9.3 Removing Obstacles to MaaS 217 9.3 Innovative enablers for MaaS 218 10 The C-ART innovation 220 10.1 Overview 220 10.2 Policy context 221 10.3 Key conclusions 222 10.4 C-ART scenarios 223 10.4.1 Short to medium term scenario (2020-2030): C-ART 2030 223 10.4.2 Medium to long term scenario (2030-2050): C-ART 2050 224 10.4.3 Town planning as a consequence of C-ART 224 10.4.4 An assessment of C-ART 225 10.4.5 Technology principles and architecture behind C-ART 225
• 10. 4.6 The C-ART framework 228 10.4.7 Some observations on Project C-ART 231 11 Potential solutions to instantiate AVs and MaaS: Managed Architecture for Transportation Optimisation (MOAT) 233 11.1 Managed not controlled 233 11.2 High level Actors in the MOAT architecture 235 11.2.1 Traveller Group (Traveller) 235 11.2.2 Subscriber (Subscriber) 235 11.2.3 Travel Service Provider (TSP) 236 11.2.4 AV operator (AVO) 236 11.2.6 Travel Information Provider (TIP) 236 11.2.7 Traffic Management Centre (TMC) 236 11.2.8 Travel Optimisation Service (TOS) 236 11.3 MOAT from the subscriber / user perspective 237 11.4 MOAT from the Travel Service Provider perspective 239 11.4.1 Operate user interface (UI) 239 11.4.2 Receive request from subscriber 239 11.4.3 Characterise request options 239 11.4.4 Calculate viable travel options 239 11.4.5 Confirm options to subscriber 239 11.4.6 Receive subscriber selection 240 11.4.7 Fulfil travel arrangements 240 11.4.8 Provide confirmation to subscriber 240 11.4.9 Monitor/Manage progress of journey 240 11.4.10 Acknowledge end of journey 240 11.4.11 Process administration requirement 240 11.4.12 Delete personal data 240 11.5 MOAT from the road operator perspective 240 11.6 MOAT from the AV operator (AVO) perspective 241 11.7 MOAT from the Travel Optimisation Service (TOS) perspective 242 11.8 MOAT from the Traffic Management Centre (TMC) perspective 243 11.9 MOAT from the Travel Information Provider (TIP) perspective 243 11.10 MOAT and privacy 243 11.11 The MOAT overview architecture 243 11.12 The MOAT systems architecture 244 12 The Business Case for MaaS 247 12.1 The Challenge 247 12.3 The Solution 247 12.4 The Outlook 248 13 The Business Case for Automated Vehicles 248 13.1 The Challenge 248 13.3 The Solution 249 13.4 The Outlook 250 14 Timescales to successful implementation 251 14.1 Caveat 251 14.2 Phased MOAT 252 14.3 Timescales MaaS 253 14.4 Timescales for Automated Vehicles 253 14.5 The first half of the Twentieth Century 255 14.6 The second half of the twentieth Century 255 14.7 2000 - 2009 256 14.8 2010-2019 257 14.9 2020 - 2029 259 14.10 2030 - 2039 260 14.11 2040 - 2050 260 14.12 2050-2060 261 14.13 In summary 261 Bibliography 262.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

AUTOMATED VEHICLES AND MaaS A topical overview of the issues facing automated driving systems and Mobility as a Service, identifies the obstacles to implementation and offers potential solutions Advances in cooperative and automated vehicle (CAV) technologies, cultural and socio-economic shifts, measures to combat climate change, social pressures to reduce road deaths and injuries, and changing attitudes toward self-driving cars, are creating new and exciting mobility scenarios worldwide. However, many obstacles remain and are compounded by the consequences of COVID-19. Mobility as a Service (MaaS) integrates various forms of public and private transport services into a single on-demand mobility service. Combining trains, cars, buses, bicycles, and other forms of transport, MaaS promises a convenient, cost-effective, and eco-friendly alternative to private automobiles. Automated Vehicles and MaaS: Removing the Barriers is an up-to-date overview of the contemporary challenges facing CAVs and MaaS. Written in a clear and accessible style, this timely volume summarizes recent research studies, describes the evolution of automated driving systems and MaaS, identifies the barriers to their widespread adoption, and proposes potential solutions to overcome and remove these barriers. The text focuses on the claims, realities, politics, new organizational roles, and implementation problems associated with CAVs and MaaS-providing industry professionals, policymakers, planners, administrators, and investors with a clear understanding of the issues facing the introduction of automated driving systems and MaaS. This important guide and reference: Provides an overview of recent progress, the current state of the art, and discussion of future objectives Presents both technical background and general overview of automated driving systems and MaaS Covers political, commercial, and practical issues, as well as technical and research content, yet suitable for non-specialists Helps readers make informed decisions and realistic estimates for implementing mobility solutions and new business models for transport services Includes an extensive bibliography with direct links to in-depth technical engineering and research information Automated Vehicles and MaaS: Removing the Barriers is an essential resource for transport providers, vehicle manufacturers, urban and transport planners, students of transportation, vehicle technology, and urban planning, and transport policy and strategy managers, advisors, and reviewers.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Part I Cognition: Understanding Big Data
• Chapter 1 What is Big Data Transportation?
• 1.1 Big Data Transportation and Internet +
• 1.1.1 Big data is coming fast
• 1.1.2 Big data transportation is perfect
• 1.1.3 Internet + transportation is at the right time
• 1.2 Big Data Transportation and Intelligent Transportation
• 1.2.1 What is intelligent transportation
• 1.2.2 Big data in intelligent transportation
• 1.3 Big Data Transportation and Cloud Computing

• 1.4 Big Data Transportation and Artificial Intelligence
• Chapter 2 Big Data Transportation: Getting Closer to Life
• 2.1 Self-Service Travel of Big Data Transportation
• 2.1.1 Self-service travel by bicycle
• 2.1.2 Other self-service travel
• 2.2 High-Speed Railway Travel of Big Data Transportation
• 2.2.1 Intelligence
• 2.2.2 Self-service
• 2.2.3 Low cost
• 2.2.4 Safety
• 2.3 Highway Travel of Big Data Transportation
• 2.3.1 Highway travel under the big data
• 2.3.2 Urban road travel under big data
• 2.4 Civil Aviation Travel of Big Data Transportation

• 2.4.1 Big data of civil aviation is a treasure
• 2.4.2 Highly self-service of civil aviation
• 2.4.3 Civil aviation big data can improve service quality
• 2.4.4 Civil aviation big data improves the aviation safety index
• 2.5 Freight Transportation of Big Data Transportation
• 2.5.1 How to predict freight transportation in advance
• 2.5.2 Carrying out freight transportation plan and crossing peak transportation
• 2.5.3 Freight data can better serve freight participants
• Chapter 3 Strategy Blueprint of Big Data Transportation
• 3.1 Big Data Transportation in the United States

• 3.1.1 Years of technological sophistication and innovation
• 3.1.2 Extremely open data
• 3.1.3 Numerous innovation elements and complete industry chain
• 3.2 Big Data Transportation in Europe
• 3.2.1 The development of big data transportation is more humane and more beneficial to the people
• 3.2.2 Financial investment is increased
• 3.2.3 The construction of big data transportati on is focusedon public transportation
• 3.3 Big Data Transportation in Japan
• 3.3.1 Government-led and unified norms
• 3.3.2 The car companies are highly electronic
• 3.3.3 High degree of marketization

• 3.3.4 Information sharing is adequate
• 3.4 Big Data Transportation in China
• 3.4.1 The development has been rapid
• 3.4.2 Data types are diverse and data resources are abundant
• 3.4.3 The advantage of late development is obvious
• 3.4.4 Inadequate integrated planning
• 3.4.5 The division of the functions of the government and administrative departments has led to the failure of closed loop management
• 3.4.6 The financial investment should be balanced
• 3.4.7 Insufficient sharing of data resources
• 3.4.8 Lack of industry talent
• Chapter 4 Big Data Transportation: Eight Innovative Modes

This book is designed as a popular science book on big data analytics in intelligent transportation systems. It aims to provide an introduction to big-data transportation starting from an overview on the development of big data transportation in various countries. This is followed by a discussion on the blueprint strategies of big data transportation which include innovative models, planning, transportation logistics, and application case studies. Finally, the book discusses applications of big data transportation platforms.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• List of Contributors xiii Forewords xvii Preface xxv List of Abbreviations xxix 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background and Motivation for C-V2X 2 1.1.1 Intelligent Transport Systems 2 1.1.2 Connected Automated Driving 3 1.1.3 Connected Road User Services 4 1.2 Toward a Joint Telecom and Automotive Roadmap for CAD 4 1.2.1 Telecom?s Ambitions for Connected Driving 4 1.2.2 Automotive?s Ambitions for Automated Driving 6 1.2.3 Joint Roadmap for CAD 7 1.3 Communication Technologies for CAD 8 1.3.1 Standardization of IEEE V2X 10 1.3.2 Standardization and Regulation Aspects of C-V2X 12 1.3.2.1 Available C-V2X Releases and Regulations 12 1.3.2.2 Future Requirements for C-V2X Releases and Regulations 13 1.4 Structure of this Book 14 References 18 2 Business Models 21 2.1 Current Market Analysis 22 2.2 Services Definition for CAD and CRU 23 2.2.1 Existing CAD and CRU Services 24 2.2.1.1 Emergency Call 24 2.2.1.2 Remote Diagnostics 24 2.2.1.3 Car Sharing 25 2.2.1.4 OTA Software Updates 25 2.2.1.5 Predictive Maintenance 25 2.2.1.6 Real-Time Road Traffic Management and Vehicle Guidance 25 2.2.2 Emerging CAD Services 25 vi Contents 2.2.2.1 Perception by Wireless Connectivity and Sensor Sharing 26 2.2.2.2 High-Definition Maps 26 2.2.3 Emerging CRU Services 26 2.2.3.1 Video Streaming and Gaming 26 2.2.3.2 Parking Reservations and Payment 26 2.3 Technical Components 27 2.4 Practicalities 28 2.4.1 Profile and SIM Card Provisioning 28 2.4.2 Routing Strategy 28 2.4.3 Roaming and Inter-operator Cooperation 29 2.4.4 Possible Business Model Evolution 29 2.4.4.1 OTA Software Updates 30 2.4.4.2 CAD Services and Related Automation Levels 31 2.5 Business Market Opportunities for V2X 34 2.5.1 CAD Business Model Enabled by 5G 34 2.5.1.1 Passive Infrastructure Sharing 37 2.5.1.2 Active Infrastructure Sharing, Excluding Spectrum Sharing 37 2.5.1.3 Active Infrastructure Sharing, Including Spectrum Sharing 37 2.5.2 Security Provision 38 2.5.2.1 The PKI Workflow 38 2.5.2.2 Enrollment of an ITS Station 39 2.5.2.3 Use of Authorizations Tokens 40 2.5.2.4 The Cost Hypothesis 40 2.5.3 OTA Software Updates 41 2.6 Business Model Analysis of 5G V2X Technical Components 44 2.6.1 Positioning 45 2.6.2 V2X Radio Design 46 2.6.2.1 Predictor Antenna 46 2.6.2.2 Beam-Forming 46 2.6.2.3 Efficiency 49 2.6.2.4 Reliability 49 2.6.2.5 Sidelink Out of Coverage 49 2.6.2.6 Sidelink in Coverage 49 2.6.3 Network Procedures 49 2.6.3.1 Local Standalone Network Procedures 51 2.6.3.2 Network Service Relationship Enhancement 51 2.6.3.3 Multi-Operator Solutions for V2X Communications 53 2.6.3.4 Network Orchestration and Management 53 2.6.4 End-to-End Security 54 2.6.5 Edge Computing Enhancements 55 2.6.6 Summary 58 2.7 Conclusions 58 References 60 Contents vii 3 Standardization and Regulation 63 3.1 Standardization Process Overview 64 3.1.1 General Aspects 64 3.1.2 Standardization and Regulation Bodies Relevant to ITS Specifications 64 3.1.2.1 International Telecommunication Union 65 3.1.2.2 Regional Standards Developing Organizations 66 3.1.2.3 3GPP, IEEE, and SAE 67 3.1.2.4 5G PPP and EATA 67 3.1.2.5 5GAA 68 3.1.3 3GPP Structure and Standardization Process 69 3.2 Regulatory Aspects and Spectrum Allocation 70 3.2.1 C-V2X Policy and Regulations in Europe 71 3.2.2 Radio Frequency Spectrum Allocation for V2X Communications 71 3.2.2.1 Spectrum Allocation for IMT Systems and 3GPP Technologies 71 3.2.2.2 Dedicated Spectrum for ITS Applications 72 3.2.2.3 Worldwide Spectrum Harmonization 73 3.3 Standardization of V2X Communication Technology Solutions 73 3.3.1 A Brief History of V2X Communication 74 3.3.2 Overview of DSRC/C-V2X Specifications Around the Globe 75 3.3.2.1 Europe 75 3.3.2.2 The Americas 76 3.3.2.3 Asia 77 3.3.3 C-V2X Standardization in 3GPP: Toward and Within 5G 79 3.3.3.1 C-V2X in 4G 80 3.3.3.2 C-V2X Supported by 5G 82 3.3.3.3 Future Plans 83 3.4 Application Aspects 84 3.4.1 EU Standardization 86 3.4.2 US Standardization 87 3.5 Summary 87 References 88 4 Spectrum and Channel Modeling 91 4.1 Spectrum and Regulations for V2X Communications 91 4.1.1 Spectrum Bands in Europe 92 4.1.1.1 ITS Spectrum at 5.9 GHz 92 4.1.1.2 5.8 GHz Frequency for Toll Collection 93 4.1.1.3 60 GHz ITS Band 93 4.1.1.4 IMT Bands in Europe 93 4.1.2 Spectrum Bands in Other Regions 94 4.1.2.1 United States 94 4.1.2.2 China 95 4.1.2.3 Other Regions of the World 96 viii Contents 4.1.3 Spectrum Auctions Worldwide 96 4.1.3.1 Europe 96 4.1.3.2 United States 104 4.1.3.3 Asia 105 4.1.3.4 Summary of Auctions and Cost Comparison Worldwide 108 4.1.4 Spectrum Harmonization Worldwide 111 4.1.4.1 Europe and Digital Single Market 111 4.1.4.2 World Radiocommunication Conference 2019 111 4.1.5 Summary 112 4.2 Channel Modeling 113 4.2.1 Propagation Environments 114 4.2.1.1 Link Types 114 4.2.1.2 Environments 114 4.2.2 Channel-Modeling Framework and Gap Analysis 116 4.2.3 Path-Loss Models 116 4.2.3.1 Path-Loss for V2V LOS Links 116 4.2.3.2 Shadow-Fading Models 121 4.2.3.3 Fast-Fading Parameters 122 4.2.3.4 Summary 123 4.2.4 Recent V2X Channel Measurements and Models 124 4.2.4.1 V2V Measurements in cmWave and mmWave 124 4.2.4.2 mmWave V2V (Sidelink) Channel Modeling 124 4.2.4.3 Multi-Link Shadowing Extensions 132 4.2.5 Summary 134 References 135 5 V2X Radio Interface 137 5.1 Beamforming Techniques for V2X Communication in the mm-Wave Spectrum 138 5.1.1 Beam Refinement for Mobile Multi-User Scenarios 139 5.1.1.1 Algorithm Description 140 5.1.1.2 Illustrative Performance Results 140 5.1.2 Beamformed Multicasting 143 5.1.3 Beam-Based Broadcasting 147 5.2 PHY and MAC Layer Extensions 152 5.2.1 Channel State Information Acquisition and MU-MIMO Receiver Design 152 5.2.1.1 The Importance and Challenges of Channel State Information Acquisition in MU-MIMO Systems 152 5.2.1.2 Interplay Between CSIR Acquisition and MU-MIMO Receiver Design 153 5.2.1.3 Novel Approaches to Near-Optimal MU-MIMO Linear Receiver Design and the Impact of CSIR Errors 156 5.2.1.4 Performance Modeling and Numerical Results in Multi-Antenna Cellular Vehicle Scenarios 157 5.2.2 Reference Signal Design 159 5.2.2.1 Challenges to CSI Acquisition in V2V Sidelink Communication 159 Contents ix 5.2.2.2 Reference Signal Design for V2V Sidelink 160 5.2.2.3 Performance Evaluation 163 5.2.3 Synchronization 164 5.2.4 Scheduling and Power Control 168 5.3 Technology Features Enabled by Vehicular Sidelink 172 5.3.1 UE Cooperation for Enhancing Reliability 173 5.3.1.1 Communication Scenario 173 5.3.1.2 Reliability Analysis ? Channels with Equal Power 174 5.3.1.3 Evaluation 176 5.3.1.4 System Design Aspects 178 5.3.2 Full Duplex 181 5.3.2.1 Advantages of Full-Duplex Radio for C-V2X 182 5.4 Summary 184 References 185 6 Network Enhancements 191 6.1 Network Slicing 192 6.1.1 Network Slicing and 3GPP 192 6.1.2 Network Slicing and V2X 194 6.2 Role of SDN and NFV in V2X 196 6.3 Cloudified Architecture 199 6.4 Local End-to-End Path 200 6.5 Multi-Operator Support 202 6.6 Summary 205 References 205 7 Enhancements to Support V2X Application Adaptations 207 7.1 Background 208 7.2 Enhanced Application-Network Interaction for Handling V2X Use Cases 210 7.2.1 C-V2X Connectivity Negotiation 210 7.2.2 Use-Case-Aware Multi-RAT Multi-Link Connectivity 212 7.2.3 Location-Aware Scheduling 214 7.3 Redundant Scheduler for Sidelink and Uu 215 7.3.1 Application or Facilities Layer 216 7.3.2 Transport Level 219 7.3.3 RRC Level 220 7.4 Summary 221 References 221 8 Radio-Based Positioning and Video-Based Positioning 223 8.1 Radio-Based Positioning 225 8.1.1 Use Cases and Requirements 225 8.1.2 Radio-Based Positioning in New Radio Release 16 226 8.1.3 Radio-Based Positioning Beyond Release 16 228 8.1.3.1 The mmWave Channel 228 x Contents 8.1.3.2 Signal Design 229 8.1.3.3 The Measurement Process 230 8.1.3.4 Localization, Mapping, and Tracking 231 8.1.4 Technology Component Complementation 233 8.1.5 Limitations of Radio-Based Positioning 235 8.1.6 Summary 236 8.2 Video-Based Positioning 237 8.2.1 Vehicle Positioning System Setup 237 8.2.2 Multi-Camera Calibration 239 8.2.3 Vehicle Detection 240 8.2.4 Vehicle Tracking 241 8.2.5 Vehicle Localization 241 8.2.6 Accuracy Evaluation 242 8.2.7 Summary 245 8.3 Conclusions 246 References 246 9 Security and Privacy 251 9.1 V2N Security 252 9.1.1 Security Challenges 253 9.1.2 Isolation Challenges 254 9.1.2.1 System Isolation (Between ECUs) 254 9.1.2.2 Network Isolation (Between Network Slices) 254 9.1.3 Software-Defined Vehicular Networking Security 255 9.1.3.1 Principles and Architecture 255 9.1.3.2 Security Benefits and Threats 255 9.2 V2V/V2I Security 256 9.2.1 Privacy 257 9.2.2 European Union Security Architecture 258 9.2.3 US Security Architecture 260 9.3 Alternative Approaches 261 9.4 Conclusion 262 References 262 10 Status, Recommendations, and Outlook 265 10.1 Future Prospects of C-V2X and the CAD Ecosystem 265 10.1.1 Future Needs for R&D and Standardization in C-V2X 266 10.1.2 Broader Aspects of CAD and CRU Services 268 10.2 Recommendations to Stakeholders 270 10.2.1 Mobile Network Operators 271 10.2.1.1 Network-Sharing Alternatives 271 10.2.1.2 New Business Models for Connected Vehicle Services 271 10.2.1.3 Roaming and Inter-Operator Cooperation 272 10.2.2 Original Equipment Manufacturers 272 10.2.2.1 Connecting Off-Board Sensors 272 Contents xi 10.2.2.2 Vehicle Processing Platforms Supported by Networks 273 10.2.2.3 Automotive Standardization 274 10.2.3 Regulators 274 10.2.3.1 Deployment, Coverage, and Road Infrastructure 274 10.2.3.2 Simplifying and Harmonizing Regulation 275 10.2.3.3 Data Sharing and Monetization 276 10.2.3.4 Spectrum Aspects 276 10.2.4 Suppliers and Certification 277 10.3 Outlook 278 References 279 Index 281.

CELLULAR V2X FOR CONNECTED AUTOMATED DRIVING A unique examination of cellular communication technologies for connected automated driving, combining expert insights from telecom and automotive industries as well as technical and scientific knowledge from industry and academia Cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) technologies enable vehicles to communicate both with the network, with each other, and with other road users using reliable, responsive, secure, and high-capacity communication links. Cellular V2X for Connected Automated Driving provides an up-to-date view of the role of C-V2X technologies in connected automated driving (CAD) and connected road user (CRU) services, such as advanced driving support, improved road safety, infotainment, over-the-air software updates, remote driving, and traffic efficiency services enabling the future large-scale transition to self-driving vehicles. This timely book discusses where C-V2X technology is situated within the increasingly interconnected ecosystems of the mobile communications and automotive industries. An expert contributor team from both industry and academia explore potential applications, business models, standardization, spectrum and channel modelling, network enhancements, security and privacy, and more. Broadly divided into two parts-introductory and advanced material-the text first introduces C-V2X technology and introduces a variety of use cases and opportunities, requiring no prerequisite technical knowledge. The second part of the book assumes a basic understanding of the field of telecommunications, presenting technical descriptions of the radio, system aspects, and network design for the previously discussed applications. This up-to-date resource: Provides technical details from the finding of the European Commission H2020 5G PPP 5GCAR project, a collaborative research initiative between the telecommunications and automotive industries and academic researchers Elaborates on use cases, business models, and a technology roadmap for those seeking to shape a start-up in the area of automated and autonomous driving Provides up to date descriptions of standard specifications, standardization and industry organizations and important regulatory aspects for connected vehicles Provides technical insights and solutions for the air interface, network architecture, positioning and security to support vehicles at different automation levels Includes detailed tables, plots, and equations to clarify concepts, accompanied by online tutorial slides for use in teaching and seminars Thanks to its mix of introductory content and technical information, Cellular V2X for Connected Automated Driving is a must-have for industry and academic researchers, telecom and automotive industry practitioners, leaders, policymakers, and regulators, and university-level instructors and students.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Optimizing the traffic management operations is a big challenge due to massive global increase in vehicles numbers, traffic congestion and road accidents. This book describes the state-of-the-art of the recent developments of Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud computing-based concepts have been introduced to improve Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANET) with advanced cellular networks such as 5G networks and vehicular cloud concepts. 5G cellular networks provide consistent, faster and more reliable connections within the vehicular mobile nodes. By 2030, 5G networks will deliver the virtual reality content in VANET which will support vehicle navigation with real time communications capabilities, improving road safety and enhance passenger comfort.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)
CLOUD AND IOT-BASED VEHICULAR AD HOC NETWORKS This book details the architecture behind smart cars being fitted and connected with vehicular cloud computing, IoT and VANET as part of the intelligent transport system (ITS). As technology continues to weave itself more tightly into everyday life, socioeconomic development has become intricately tied to ever-evolving innovations. An example of this is the technology being developed to address the massive increase in the number of vehicles on the road, which has resulted in more traffic congestion and road accidents. This challenge is being addressed by developing new technologies to optimize traffic management operations. This book describes the state-of-the-art of the recent developments of Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud computing-based concepts that have been introduced to improve Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANET) with advanced cellular networks such as 5G networks and vehicular cloud concepts. 5G cellular networks provide consistent, faster and more reliable connections within the vehicular mobile nodes. By 2030, 5G networks will deliver the virtual reality content in VANET which will support vehicle navigation with real time communications capabilities, improving road safety and enhanced passenger comfort. In particular, the reader will learn: A range of new concepts in VANETs, integration with cloud computing and IoT, emerging wireless networking and computing models New VANET architecture, technology gap, business opportunities, future applications, worldwide applicability, challenges and drawbacks Details of the significance of 5G Networks in VANET, vehicular cloud computing, edge (fog) computing based on VANET. Audience The book will be widely used by researchers, automotive industry engineers, technology developers, system architects, IT specialists, policymakers and students.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Why Connected and Automated Vehicles?
• 2. On Connected Vehicles and Emerging Technologies
• 3. What are Connected and Automated Vehicles?
• 4. Policy Frameworks for Successful Deployments
• 5. Technical Elements
• 6. Simulating CAV
• 7. Mainstreaming CAV
• 8. Planning CAV Projects
• 9. Operational Considerations
• 10. Designing for CAV
• 11. Implementation for Safety and Mobility
• 12. Project Managing CAV
• 13. Research and Development
• 14. Public Private Partnerships
• 15. Current State-of-the-Practice
• 16. What the Future Holds.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Disruption in Transportation, as some experts say, is here; so is this book at this critical inflection point in the history of transportation planning, engineering, and operations. With a focus on improving safety and maximizing available systems to accommodate all modes of travel, this work brings together an array of topics and themes on transportation technologies under the banner of Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV). The emerging technology implementing entities, industry leaders, original equipment manufacturers, standard development organizations, researchers, and others are singularly focused on a global multilogue to promote Safety, Mobility, Environment, and Economic Development (SMEEd). These discussions are technologically interdisciplinary and procedurally cross-functional, hence the need for CAV: Developing Policies, Designing Programs, and Deploying Projects. This book is aimed at the policy-maker who wants to know the high-level detail; the planner who chooses to pursue the most efficient path to implementation; the professional engineer who needs to design a sustainable system; the practitioner who considers deployable frameworks; the project manager who oversees the system deployment; the private sector consultant who develops and delivers a CAV program; and the researcher who evaluates the project benefits and documents lessons learned. This book makes a business case for implementing CAV technologies to achieve SMEEd goals; presents the possibilities and challenges to deploying emerging technologies; identifies the institutional roles and responsibilities; and develops a policy framework for mainstreaming CAV.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Se hace camino al andar : el desarrollo caminero de México colonial
• Tabasco : travesías a lomos del agua
• El camino que atraviesa el Istmo de Tehuantepec : un proyecto de siglos
• El camino de Acapulco a la ciudad de México (siglos xvi-xviii)
• El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro y los caminos locales de Xilotepec y Soyaniquilpan en el siglo xviii
• La reparación de los caminos en el estado de Guanajuato durante la primera experiencia federal (1824-1835)
• Ventas, posadas y mesones de España a Nueva España : ¿la hospitalidad inhospitalaria?

• Preface.- Problems of using technogenic raw materials.- Main areas of utilizing the burnt rocks of mine dumps and ash slag waste.- Ways of improving the structural properties of burnt rocks of mine dumps and ashes slag waste.- Composition and properties of the burnt rocks of mine dumps and ash slag waste.- Features of using the burnt rocks of mine dumps and ash slag waste in road constructions.- Physico-mechanical and chemical methods of hardening the burnt rocks of mine dumps and ash slag waste in road pavements.- On the efficiency of using the burnt rocks of mine dumps and ash slag waste in road constructions.- Dynamic modeling of solid mass on soil base.- Studying characteristics of waves propagating in layered structure with semi-infinite layers.- Modeling pavement constructions.- Modeling the behavior of porous elastic water-saturated media.- Conclusions.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The book presents original technologies developed by the authors and existing Russian experience in study and application of technogenic raw materials (such as burnt rocks of mine dumps and ash-slag waste) to R&D of road constructions with high-strength properties and long-life operation. Another direction of the book is connected with finite-element modeling pavement constructions on different soils. To this aim, corresponding theoretical solutions and numerical algorithms are realized in ANSYS software. The obtained numerical results are compared with existing experimental data for real road constituents. It presents particular results of the Russian schools of Mechanics and Material Sciences not previously available outside of Russia. Explains original theoretical and experimental methods developed for solution of the problems of effective using technogenic waste in building and road constructions; Facilitates improvement and optimization of theoretical and numerical approaches for R&D of road pavements on different soils; Describes new promising building materials based on easily accessible waste able effectively to replace conventional materials and supported by Russian patents.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)