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• Pt. I. The elements : data, variables, concept, and the server
• pt. II. Conceptual applications of the atlasCBS : a new paradigm
• pt. III. Exploring CBS : practical examples using the atlasCBS server.

The purpose of "Ligand Efficiency Indices for Drug Discovery: Towards an Atlas-Guided Paradigm" is to introduce in a concise and self-contained form the concepts, ideas, applications and examples of efficiency-driven drug discovery to the biomedical community at large. The book emphasizes the use of 'new variables' and more objective numerical methods to drive drug discovery in an encompassing way. These 'new variables' are based on Ligand Efficiency Indices (LEIs) formulated in a way that permits mapping Chemico-Biological Space (CBS) in an Atlas-like representation. It provides a practical and timely discussion of the concepts, ideas, applications and examples of efficiency-driven drug discovery. This book emphasizes the use of a graphical representation and objective numerical methods to drive drug discovery more effectively. It presents the definition of LEIs and the corresponding efficiency planes within an atlas-like environment to provide a robust graphical and numerical framework for medicinal chemists and drug-discoverers. It provides a practical and timely discussion of the concepts, ideas, applications and examples of efficiency-driven drug discovery. It emphasizes the use of 'new variables' and more objective numerical methods to drive quicker and more effective drug discovery. It presents the definition of Ligand Efficiency Indices (LEIs) and the corresponding efficiency planes as key concepts to provide a graphical and numerical framework.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• A Note on Method
• ix Acknowledgments
• xi Introduction. A Guinea Pig's Wage: Risk, Body Commodification, and the Ethics of Pharmaceutical Research in America
• 1 1. Guinea-Pigging: The In/Formal Economy of Phase I Clinical Trials in Philadelphia
• 21 2. Market Recruitment, Identity, and Resistance among Professional Guinea Pigs
• 45 3. Local Knowledge and Risk Management among Professional Guinea Pigs
• 65 4. Big Pharma and HIV Clinical Trials: A Case Study
• 85 5. Strategies of Survival: HIV Clinical Trials and the Fight for Their Lives
• 97 6. From Prisoners to Professionals: A Brief History of the Clinical-Trial Enterprise
• 121 7. Ethics and the Exploitation of the Poor in Clinical Trials Research
• 137 Conclusion. Living in/off the Mild Torture Economy as Trial Subjects
• 157 Epilogue. Following Up: Robert Helms, Frank Little, Dave Onion, and Spam One Last Time
• 167 Bibliography
• 171 Index
• 181.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The Professional Guinea Pig documents the emergence of the professional research subject in Phase I clinical trials testing the safety of drugs in development. Until the mid-1970s Phase I trials were conducted on prisoners. After that practice was outlawed, the pharmaceutical industry needed a replacement population and began to aggressively recruit healthy, paid subjects, some of whom came to depend on the income, earning their living by continuously taking part in these trials. Drawing on ethnographic research among self-identified "professional guinea pigs" in Philadelphia, Roberto Abadie examines their experiences and views on the conduct of the trials and the risks they assume by participating. Some of the research subjects he met had taken part in more than eighty Phase I trials. While the professional guinea pigs tended to believe that most clinical trials pose only a moderate health risk, Abadie contends that the hazards presented by continuous participation, such as exposure to potentially dangerous drug interactions, are discounted or ignored by research subjects in need of money. The risks to professional guinea pigs are also disregarded by the pharmaceutical industry, which has become dependent on the routine participation of experienced research subjects. Arguing that financial incentives compromise the ethical imperative for informed consent to be freely given by clinical-trials subjects, Abadie confirms the need to reform policies regulating the participation of paid subjects in Phase I clinical trials.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• The Ear: An Ancient Microsystem with Modern Applications Objectives Introduction History Anatomy and Physiology of the Ear The Clinical Utility of the Ear for Diagnosis, Prognosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Disease Summary References Bibliography The Anatomical Terminology of Auricular Medicine Objectives Introduction Framework of the Ear Bibliography The Location of 100 Common Ear Points Objective Introduction Points of the Triangular Fossa (G): Points That Relate to Nervous and Hormonal Regulation and the Pelvic Organs Points of the Lobe (P): Points of the Head and Face Points of the Tragus (J): Points That Pertain to Hormonal Regulation Points of the Scaphoid Fossa (O): Points of the Upper Limb Points of the Cavum Concha (H): Organs of the Thoracic Region Points of the Cymba Concha (I): The Abdominal Organ Points Points of the Helix (A) and the Crus of the Helix (B): Assorted Points and Points of the Lower Portion of the Body Points of the Antitragus (M) and Intertragic Notch Area (L): Points of the Head and Brain Regions Points of the Antihelix (C) Points on the Back of the Ear (U): Vagus Nerve, Blood Pressure, Back Pain, and Brain Function References Bibliography The Clinical Energetics of the Ear Points Objectives Introduction Points of the Triangular Fossa Points of the Lobe Points of the Tragus Points of the Scaphoid Fossa Points of the Cavum Concha Points of the Cymba Concha Points of the Helix Points of the Antitragus Points of the Antihelix Points on the Posterior Aspect of the Ear References Bibliography Cautions and Contraindications Objective Introduction Pregnancy Skin Problems Special Considerations Pain and Other Variables Side Effects Positioning of Patients References Bibliography Ear Modalities Objectives Introduction Palpation and Massage Needles Ear Seeds and Herbal Plasters Ear Pellets Ear Tacks Intradermal Needles Magnets Electricity Bleeding Moxibustion Incisions and Sutures Injections Laser Staples Plum Blossom Needling New Modalities Which Side of the Ear to Treat? Therapeutic Result References Bibliography Patient Handout Plan-About Your Visit Ear Diagnosis and Morphology Objectives Introduction How to Inspect the Ear The Characteristics of the Normal Ear The Abnormal Ear: Ear Pathology and Its Clinical Differentiation Ear Pathology Organ, Body System, and Body Part Pathology References Bibliography Ear Prescriptions: Construction and Formulae for Specific Conditions Objectives Constructing Ear Prescriptions Prescriptions for Specific Conditions Prescriptions from China Case Histories References Bibliography Clinical Research and Effective Points: Research Summary 1974 to 2001 Objective Introduction Weight Reduction Drug Withdrawal Pain Control and Burn Trauma Sports Medicine and Musculoskeletal Disorders Polio Mental Health Gastric Disorders, Cholelithiasis Gynecological Problems Rheumatoid Arthritis Ear, Nose, and Throat Coronary Artery Disease Urinary Calculus Skin and Immunity Myopia References Bibliography Clinical Research and Effective Points, and New Formulae for Medical Conditions: Research Summary from 2001 to 2014 Objectives Introduction Drug Addiction Athletes Analgesic Function Cancer Congenital Nystagmus and Ocular Myasthenia Diabetes Epileptic Seizures Hip Pain Insomnia Knee Surgery Low Back Pain Menopause Obesity Postoperative Agitation in Elderly Patients Posttraumatic Stress Pregnancy Spinal Cord Injuries Vomiting and Nausea References Bibliography Multiple Uses of Auricular Points Objectives Introduction Point Energetics Supplemental Points Techniques Prescriptionology Practice, Clinical Exercises, and Case Histories Objectives Introduction Case Case Clinical Exercise Case Clinical Exercise Clinical Exercise Prescriptionology Answers Common Ear Questions Objective Ethical Issues in Auricular Acupuncture Objectives Introduction Codes of Ethics New Trends in Auricular Studies and Medical/Research Ethics Placebo or Sham Acupuncture Codes of Ethics to Study Exercises References Conclusion Appendix A: Definition of Terms Appendix B: Suppliers Appendix C: Pain Differentiation Chart Appendix D: Forms.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Chinese Auricular Acupuncture provides students and practitioners with a clear, concise, and user-friendly manual on ear acupuncture. It reduces the need for memorization by presenting a method of ear acupuncture that is in keeping with the underpinnings of traditional Chinese medicine. The book can be independently studied and easily used to treat various diseases. It covers ear modalities such as needles, press tacks, seeds and incorporates actual cases from clinical practice to illustrate the clinical applicability of specific modalities and ear acupuncture points. A section on ear diagnosis allows you to supplement your assessment of the pulse, tongue, and hara, thus improving your ability to differentiate the functional basis of imbalance and illness. This edition includes five new chapters on the multiple use of auricular points, prescriptionology practice, common ear questions, new research, and ethical issues. It contains detailed tables and photographs that aid understanding and includes an extensive and updated bibliography. The greatest strength of this book is its user friendliness, which allows both the beginning student and the experienced practitioner to successfully apply auricular medicine in the treatment of their patients in a caring, relatively noninvasive, and effective manner.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Drawing on detailed research undertaken over a four year period in Brussels, Germany, the Netherlands and the UK, this text presents a critical appraisal of medicines regulation policy and exposes the influence of the pharmaceutical industry in the acceleration of drug approvals. It contains extensive and systematic reviews of the literature and documentary research, as well as over 70 interviews with national and supranational government regulators, medical scientists and regulatory affairs managers in the pharmaceutical industry.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• The nature of tranquilizing drugs
• British and American medicines control
• the rise of Halcion - getting approved
• sounding the retreat - postmarketing problems
• legal challenge and loss of faith - British medicines control in crisis
• how the West was won
• prescription for change - science and politics of medicines control.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Presents an account of how the psychotropic drug Halcion came onto the market in the UK and the US and how it was subsequently withdrawn in the UK after having serious effects on many patients - such as amnesia, suicidal behaviour and psychosis. The text is a study in the issues and difficulties of controlling the safety of new drugs, the interests at stake, the science involved and the problems confronted both by regulators and consumers.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Introduction
• 1.1. The Janus face of photomedicine
• 1.2. Photodynamic therapy--the killer
• 1.3. Cellular effects of PDT
• 1.4. Photobiomodulation--the healer

• 2. Cancer stem cells
• 2.1. Evidence for the existence of CSCs and their characteristic markers
• 2.2. Role in tumor recurrence
• 2.3. Anti-CSC approaches

• 3. PDT and cancer stem cells
• 3.1. PDT and cancer treatment
• 3.2. PDT and CSCs
• 3.3. ABC transporters and ABCG2
• 3.4. ABCG2 in cancer stem cells
• 3.5. ABCG2 and PS efflux
• 3.6. Efflux pump inhibition and PDT
• 3.7. Evidence of effect of PBM on CSCs

• 4. Normal stem cells
• 4.1. Developmental biology
• 4.2. Markers and phenotypes
• 4.3. Stem cell niches
• 4.4. Asymmetric and symmetric stem cell division
• 4.5. Differentiation programs
• 4.6. Stem cell therapies

• 5. PBM and stem cells
• 5.1. Introduction
• 5.2. Mechanisms of PBM/LLLT
• 5.3. Why should PBM particularly affect stem cells?
• 5.4. Role of stem/progenitor cells in PBM/LLLT
• 5.5. PBM to the bone marrow

• 6. PBM and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells
• 6.1. Adipose-derived stem cells
• 6.2. PBM and ADSCs
• 6.3. Studies from the Abrahamse laboratory
• 6.4. Work from the Hamblin laboratory

• 7. PBM and dental stem cells
• 7.1. Introduction
• 7.2. PBM and dental stem cells
• 7.3. PBM and tooth regeneration
• 7.4. TGF-β mediates PBM induction of dentin repair in vivo
• 7.5. Conclusion

• 8. The role of stem cells and progenitor cells in PBM for brain disorders
• 8.1. Introduction
• 8.2. PBM and the brain
• 8.3. PBM for stroke
• 8.4. PBM for traumatic brain injury
• 8.5. PBM/LLLT for other brain disorders
• 8.6. Conclusion

• 9. PBM and stem cells in hair regrowth
• 9.1. Introduction to hair growth
• 9.2. Skin, hair follicles, and stem cells
• 9.3. Alopecia
• 9.4. PBM for alopecia
• 10. Conclusion.

Janus, the ancient Roman god depicted with two faces is an appropriate metaphor for light therapy. In the right photodynamic therapy conditions, light is able to kill nearly anything that is living such as cancers, microorganisms, parasites, and more. On the opposite face, light of the correct wavelength and proper dose (photobiomodulation) can heal, regenerate, protect, revitalize and restore any kind of dead, damaged, stressed, dying, degenerating cells, tissue, or organ system. This book discusses both sides of Janus' face in regards to light therapy.