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"This new TOL special report, which was published in November 2009, comprises a compilation of Transitions Online articles related the revolutions of 1989 in Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, and Romania, and to the state of democracy, culture and civil society in the region today. Importantly, the report addressed how the events of 1989 continue to resonate across Europe and Asia today--in politics and government, in art and commerce, in the everyday lives of everyday people."--Publisher's description.

• Acknowledgements
• Introduction
• 0.1 Going global
• 0.2 The long transition and the making of transitional elites in global perspective
• 0.3 A global history of the other '1989s'
• 0.4 The end of the '1989' era?
• 1. Globalisation
• 1.1 From socialist internationalism to capitalist globalisation
• 1.2 Debt and ideological re-orientation
• 1.3 The choice of 'neoliberal' globalisation
• 1.4 Authoritarian transformations?
• 1.5 Transformation from within
• 1.6 Conclusion
• 2. Democratisation
• 2.1 Reforming elites
• 2.2 Opposition from the local to the global and back
• 2.3 Alternatives to '1989': authoritarianism and violence
• 2.4 Disciplining transition and democratic peace
• 3. Europeanisation
• 3.1 The early Cold War: a divided Europe
• 3.2 Helsinki - re-bordering Europe?
• 3.3 An anti-colonial Europe: critiquing Helsinki
• 3.4 A prehistory of Fortress Europe: civilisational bordering in late socialism
• 3.5 Eastern Europe, a buffer against Islam?
• 3.6 After 1989: 'Fortress Europe'?
• 3.7 Conclusion
• 4. Self-determination
• 4.1 The rise of anti-colonial self-determination
• 4.2 The Soviet withdrawal
• 4.3 Peace or violence
• 4.4 Reverberations of Eastern European self-determination
• 4.5 Conclusion
• 5. Reverberations
• 5.1 1989 as a new global script
• 5.2 Instrumentalising 1989: the West and new forms of political conditionality
• 5.3 'Taming' the left
• 5.4 Interventionism and the '1989' myth
• 5.5 Eastern Europeans and the export of the revolutionary idea
• 5.6 From Cuba to China: rejecting '1989'
• 5.7 Conclusion
• 6. A world without '1989'
• 6.1 Towards the West? Ambiguous convergence
• 6.2 Who is the true Europe? The turn to divergence
• 6.3 Beyond the EU: post-socialist global trajectories
• 6.4 Conclusion.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The collapse of the Berlin Wall has come to represent the entry of an isolated region onto the global stage. On the contrary, this study argues that communist states had in fact long been shapers of an interconnecting world, with '1989' instead marking a choice by local elites about the form that globalisation should take. Published to coincide with the thirtieth anniversary of the 1989 revolutions, this work draws on material from local archives to international institutions to explore the place of Eastern Europe in the emergence, since the 1970s, of a new world order that combined neoliberal economics and liberal democracy with increasingly bordered civilisational, racial and religious identities. An original and wide-ranging history, it explores the importance of the region's links to the West, East Asia, Africa, and Latin America in this global transformation, reclaiming the era's other visions such as socialist democracy or authoritarian modernisation which had been lost in triumphalist histories of market liberalism.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Timeline - Eastern Europe, 1945-91 Leaders of East European and Soviet communist parties, 1945-91 East European communist parties and their post-communist successors 1.The collapse of communism in Eastern Europe: origins, processes, outcomes - Kevin McDermott and Matthew Stibbe I. The historical longue duree 2. Echoes and precedents: 1989 in historical perspective - Robin Okey II. The Gorbachev factor 3. The multifaceted external Soviet role in processes towards unanticipated revolutions - Mary Buckley 4. 'When your neighbour changes his wallpaper': the 'Gorbachev factor' and the collapse of the German Democratic Republic- Peter Grieder III. The East European revolutions: internal and external perspectives 5. The demise of communism in Poland: a staged evolution or failed revolution? - Tom Junes 6. The international context of Hungarian transition, 1989: the view from Budapest - Laszl? Borhi 7. Creating security from below: peace movements in East and West Germany in the 1980s - Holger Nehring 8. The demise of the communist regime in Czechoslovakia, 1987-89: a socio-economic perspective - Michal Pullmann 9. Discourse and power: the FSN and the mythologisation of the Romanian revolution - Kevin Adamson and Sergiu Florean 10. A revolution in two stages: the curiosity of the Bulgarian case - Elena Simeonova IV. Then and now: continuity and change in the academic and cultural perceptions of the communist era and its aftermath 11. A hopeless case of optimism? Jurgen Kuczynski and the end of the GDR - Matthew Stibbe 12. Meanings of 1989: right-wing discourses in post-communist Poland - Artur Lipinski 13. From the 'thirst for change' and 'hunger for truth' to a 'revolution that hardly happened': public protests and reconstructions of the past in Bulgaria in the 1990s - Nikolai Vukov 14 Afterword: the discursive constitution of revolution and revolution envy - James Krapfl Select bibliography Index
• .
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This important book reassesses a defining historical, political and ideological moment in contemporary history: the 1989 revolutions in central and eastern Europe. Adopting a multi-disciplinary approach, the authors reconsider such crucial themes as the broader historical significance of the 1989 events, the complex interaction between external and internal factors in the origins and outcomes of the revolutions, the impact of the 'Gorbachev phenomenon', the West and the end of the Cold War, the political and socio-economic determinants of the revolutionary processes in Poland, Hungary, the German Democratic Republic, Czechoslovakia, Romania and Bulgaria, and the competing academic, cultural and ideological perceptions of the year 1989 as communism gave way to post-communist pluralism in the 1990s and beyond. Concluding that the contentious term 'revolution' is indeed apt for the momentous developments in eastern Europe in 1989, this book will be essential reading for undergraduates, postgraduates and specialists alike. -- .
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Contents: Nicolas Hayoz/Daniela Koleva/Leszek Jesien: Introduction: Paths of Ambiguous Transformation after 20 Years - Leszek Jesien: A Sketch on Europeanization with the EU in Focus: Poland 1989-2004-2009 - Zhidas Daskalovski: The Influence of EU Conditionality and Europeanization on the Consolidation of Macedonia - Blagovesta Cholova/Daniel Bochsler: From Big Political Change to Permanent Change of Governments. The Logic of 20 Years of Political Party Competition in Central and Eastern Europe - Nicole Gallina/Nicolas Hayoz: Beyond Democracy: The Relevance of Informal Power in Eastern Europe - Valentina Dimitrova-Grajzl: Trust, Path Dependence and Historical Legacy: The Second Decade after Transition - Arben Hajrullahu: The Missing 'Functional Elite' and the Challenge of Democratization - Mentor Agani/Remzije Istrefi: The Promise of 1989 - Kosovo's Lost Treasure - Benedikt Harzl: Nationalism, Democracy and Independence Revisited: The Cases of Kosovo and Abkhazia - Ghia Nodia: External (F)actors in Democratization: Lessons From the Georgian Experience - Giga Zedania: Societal Values in Georgia: Twenty Years Later - Christian Giordano: Mythologies of Postsocialism: The Legends of Revolution and Transition Twenty Years after the Fall of the Berlin Wall - Irina Novikova: Baltic Lieux de memoire of the 1990s to Early 2000s: Nostalgia, Trauma, Change - Tomas Kavaliauskas: Different Meanings of May 9th, Victory Day over Nazi Germany for Russia and the Baltic States - Stefan Dietrich: (Re)writing History in the 1990s: Croatia and World War II Politics of Remembrance in Croatia - from the 1990s to the Present Day - Andriy Portnov: Post-Soviet Ukraine and Belarus Dealing with The Great Patriotic War - Christophe von Werdt: Cossacks into State-Builders - Constructing Historical Cossack-Statehoodin Ukraine: A Case Study - Krzysztof Brzechczyn: The Forgotten Legacy of Solidarnosc and Lost Opportunities to Build a Democratic Capitalist System Following the Fall of Communism in Poland - Daniela Koleva: Hope for the Past? Postsocialist Nostalgia 20 Years Later - Martin Pogacar: Traces of Yugoslavia: Yuniverse Beyond Nostalgia - Jan Culik: Current Czech Opinion of the pre-1989 and post-1989 Regimes: Disillusionment with Politics, Regardless of Party Political Allegiances - Jasmina Husanovic: Recasting Transitions after The Fall: Global Governance of Trauma and the Politics of Life in Bosnia and Herzegovina - Francois Ruegg: High Heels and Blue Jeans. What Are the Visible Signs of Democracy? - Nenad Miscevic: Nation, Border and Territory - Reflecting on Croatian Experiences - Jan Wolenski: From Controlled Liberalism to Real Pluralism. The Development of Philosophy in Poland at the End of the Communist Era - Maciej Urbanowski: Between a Valley of Joy and a Valley of Nothingness. The Year 1989 and Polish Literature - Ioana Both: How to Tell the Truth with Words: Romanian Post-Communist Literature Negotiating Memories: Romanian Literature Reloaded - Michael Mueller: Essay and Travelogue. Two Literary Genres that Have Been Rediscovered during the Debate on the Yugoslavian Collapse - Judit Friedrich: Blaming versus Healing: Facing Communist Informers of the Past, and a Literary Example in Peter Esterhazy's Revised Edition - Alexander Kiossev: Crimes Against Everyday Life, or On the Patho-Anthropology of Socialism.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The volume is an attempt to assess the meanings of 1989, in particular the multiple transformation processes and their effects in Eastern Europe. Obviously, the realities of the post-communist transformations have not met the expectations. Were the expectations too high? Did democratic institutions prove incompatible with local cultures? Was their implementation too fast to correspond to a genuine development of democratic culture? Whatever the reasons, the road to democracy has turned out to be steeper and the communist legacy heavier than expected. The authors of this volume seek to comprehend the intricacies of various aspects of the post-communist transition; looking at a broad array of countries that have followed different paths. The studies combine methods of different disciplines. 'Insider' perspectives are juxtaposed with external assessments. This comparative and problem based approach brings into focus the ambiguities of the unfinished transformations as well as their broader cultural contexts: the politics of history and the battles for new memory, the re-signification of past and present, and the problematic transformation of homo sovieticus into an autonomous and responsive subject.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction
• Executive summary
• Final Seminar report
• Profiles of seminar participants
• Seminar program and questions
• In memoriam: Miljenko Deeta.

• volume. 1. Political, legal, and social issues and challenges
• volume 2. Basic project ideas and international reality
• volume 3. The war in Ukraine and the policy of the V4 countries