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• 1. Introduction
• 2. Method
• 3. Technologies 4. Overall comparison
• 5. Conclusions
• 6. References
• 7. Annex

Well-informed energy policy design is key to reaching decarbonization targets and keeping global climate change below a 2eC threshold. In particular, low-carbon electricity provision for all is essential, as the IPCC shows that the most ambitious climate mitigation scenarios involve the electrification of most of our economy. Therefore, understanding the full scale of potential impacts from current and future electricity generation is required, in order to avoid 'impact leakage', ie, increasing non-climate environmental pressure while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Life cycle assessment allows the evaluation of a product over its life cycle, and across a wide range of environmental indicators - this method was chosen to report on the environmental profiles of various technologies. Candidate technologies assessed include coal, natural gas, hydropower, nuclear power, concentrated solar power (CSP), photovoltaics, and wind power. Twelve global regions included in the assessment, allowing to vary load factors, methane leakage rates, or background grid electricity consumption, among other factors. With no exception, every electricity generation technology generates environmental impacts over its life cycle; and these impacts may vary widely with implementation site and other design choices. Proper energy policy should consider site-specificity by conducting lifecycle assessments that consider local conditions and potential prospective changes. among other factors. With no exception, every electricity generation technology generates environmental impacts over its life cycle; and these impacts may vary widely with implementation site and other design choices. Proper energy policy should consider site-specificity by conducting lifecycle assessments that consider local conditions and potential prospective changes. among other factors. With no exception, every electricity generation technology generates environmental impacts over its life cycle; and these impacts may vary widely with implementation site and other design choices. Proper energy policy should consider site-specificity by conducting lifecycle assessments that consider local conditions and potential prospective changes.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

The Road Map of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, which includes countries of the northern hemisphere, lays out the activities associated with producing statistics concerning the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the years leading up to 2030. It highlights what needs to be done, who is to do what and when, who are the stakeholders, and what are the opportunities for cooperation. The Road Map provides guidance to national statistical offices on establishing national mechanisms for collaboration, assessing data gaps, developing national indicators, providing data on global SDG indicators, capacity building, and communication. The Road Map intends to provide guidance, is a living document, and will be updated whenever the need arises.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Chapter 1. Introduction
• Chapter 2. Work relationships
• Chapter 3. Work modalities
• Chapter 4. Stability and permanence in work relationships
• Chapter 5. Measuring interactions with personal circumstances and characteristics
• Chapter 6. Employment and social protection
• Chapter 7. Forms of employment and quality of employment
• Chapter 8. Data sources and indicators
• Annex A. Employment in national accounts
• Annex B. Prevalence of new forms of employment in CES countries
• Annex C. Possible combinations of work relationships and work modalities

The Handbook presents a broad framework to classify and understand forms of employment, which is centered around two main dimensions: work relationships (as defined in the 2018 International Classification of Status in Employment) and work modalities (the way in which work is coordinated, performed, and compensated). To develop a full understanding of forms of employment, the Handbook provides definitions of the concepts of permanence and stability of employment. It also covers the broader context of forms of employment which includes person-level circumstances, social protection, and quality of employment to help better understand the impact of forms of employment on well-being. The Handbook provides definitions of key concepts, general principles and guidelines as well as a list of key recommended indicators with the goal of facilitating national statistical efforts to classify, measure and track diverse forms of employment relevant to their national context.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Chapter 1. Trade and investment trends during the pandemic
• Chapter 2. Global value chains: Challenges and resilience during the pandemic
• Chapter 3. Digitalization: Is the digital revolution becoming more inclusive?
• Chapter 4. Development finance landscape in times of the COVID-19 pandemic
• Chapter 5. Renewed role of the State and international cooperation

This report aims at documenting and assessing shifts that the COVID-19 crisis has triggered in economies, societies and cooperation in UNCTAD's core areas of work: the integrated treatment of trade and development and interrelated issues in the areas of finance, technology, investment and sustainable development. It will provide lessons learned from this crisis and policy recommendations on what is needed to promote a resilient, inclusive and sustainable recovery and dealing better with future challenges.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Relevant international legal norms and standards
• Relevant ethical codes
• Legal investigation of torture and ill treatment
• General considerations for interviews
• Physical evidence of torture and ill treatment
• Psychological evidence of torture and ill treatment
• Role of health professionals in documenting torture and ill treatment in different contexts
• Implementation of the Istanbul Protocol

This revised edition strengthens the widely recognized and highly valued Istanbul Protocol standards on the effective investigation into and documentation of torture and ill-treatment. Relying on multi-sectoral engagement, specialized global expertise, and practical experiences of law, health, and human rights professionals in the field, including members of United Nations anti-torture bodies, the updated edition seeks to fortify the implementation of international norms and preventive tools to assist survivors of torture worldwide. The Istanbul Protocol and the accompanying "Istanbul Principles" also serve as a global standard against which the delivery of expert legal and medical evidence can be benchmarked in the investigation and prevention of torture. The Istanbul Protocol should appeal to a wide variety of stakeholders, including States, civil society, doctors, psychologists, social workers, lawyers, forensic specialists, asylum officers, human rights officers, and many others.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

"Africa is among the least diversified regions in the world with regard to exports. Commodities account for more than 60 per cent of total merchandise exports in 45 of the 54 countries in Africa, leaving them highly vulnerable to global commodity price shocks and undermining the continent's inclusive growth and development prospects. Economic Development in Africa Report 2022 shows that neglecting the potentially transformative role of high knowledge-intensive services, such as information and communications technology services and financial services, is among the key reasons why export diversification remains a challenge in Africa. The report shows that effectively addressing barriers to services trade under the African Continental Free Trade Area will be key to unleashing the transformative role of services in enhancing the diversity and complexity of products from Africa. UNCTAD recommends that for export diversification strategies to be impactful in Africa, policies need to be in place that enhance inclusive access to innovative financing technologies, including for small and medium-sized enterprises. Leveraging high knowledge-intensive services to increase productivity and improve competitiveness in the private sector will be key to achieving higher value-added diversification and growth under the African Continental Free Trade Area."--Publisher's description

From June 2018 to December 2019, the European Union and the United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs held a series of regional workshops and expert meetings to promote participation in the high-level fissile material cut off treaty (FMCT) expert preparatory group consultative process by States in Africa, in Asia and the Pacific and in Latin America and the Caribbean. This Occasional Paper offers a review of the project's outcome, as well as perspectives shared by participants in its workshops and expert meetings. For additional context, a brief introduction to the purpose and history of the proposed treaty is also provided.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Introduction
• 2. Trade, global value chains and sustainable development
• 3. Sustainable value chains: role tools and challenges
• 4. VSS impact and effectiveness
• 5. Conclusion and policy recommendatons

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development defines international trade as "an engine for inclusive economic growth and poverty reduction, [that] contributes to the promotion of sustainable development". In order to become a 'sustainable engine' one approach that seems to be increasingly used is to internalize social, economic and environmental concerns in international trade. This can be done by many different means and policy instruments and tools. In this report we focus on a specific tool, namely Voluntary Sustainability Standards (VSS) which comprise of certification schemes, labeling programs and private standards. VSS aim to make global value chains - from producer to consumer - more sustainable, taking into account social and environmental requirements in the production process. VSS also often link developing countries (where many producers are based) to developed countries.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Chapter 1. General provisions
• Chapter 2. Marks and drought scales on vessels; tonnage measurement
• Chapter 3. Visual signals (marking) on vessels
• Chapter 4. Sound signals; Radiotelephony; information and navigation devices
• Chapter 5. Waterway signs and marking
• Chapter 6. Rules of the road
• Chapter 7. Berthing rules
• Chapter 8. Signaling, reporting and safety requirements
• Chapter 9. Regional and national special requirements
• Chapter 10. Prevention of pollution of water and disposal of waste occurring on board vessels
• Annexes 1-11

The European Code for Inland Waterways (CEVNI) contains the core rules applicable to the traffic on inland waterways in the UNECE region such as marks and draught scales on vessels, visual signals on vessels, sound signals and radiotelephony, waterway signs and markings, rules of the road, berthing rules, signalling and reporting requirements as well as prevention of pollution of water and disposal of waste. These harmonized rules constitute the legal and technical basis for national inland waterway codes in UNECE member States. CEVNI is regularly updated in parallel with the evolution of the River Commissions regulations in the UNECE region thus ensuring that they remain harmonized.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Cashew nuts enjoy increasing popularity all around the globe. The top three cashew-consuming countries - India, the United States of America and Germany - lie on three different continents. Cashews accounted for 17 per cent of world tree nut production in 2019/20, making it the third most popular tree nut after almonds and walnuts (INC 2020). Cashew nuts are consumed in a variety of forms including as salty or sweet snacks, ingredient of desserts and savory dishes, or further processed into cashew butter or ingredient of a variety of spreads, sauces, bars, and drinks. Rising demand for these products has led global cashew production to more than double between 2000 and 2018. This report takes stock of the global cashew market and gives an overview of cashew production, trade patterns and policies. It also highlights opportunities for the cashew sector to foster value addition and diversification in cashew-growing countries, and its potential contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

The Waste Statistics Framework serves as a guide for statisticians compiling national waste statistics and contributes to further international harmonisation of waste statistics. The proposed expanded scope of waste statistics provides an important foundation for measuring the circular economy and other waste-related policy areas.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Chapter 1. Funding needs for transboundary water cooperation and basin development
• Chapter 2. Funding and financing sources for transboundary water cooperation and basin development
• Chapter 3. Challenges and opportunities in funding and financing transboundary water cooperation and basin development

This publication analyzes key opportunities and challenges related to the financing of transboundary water cooperation and basin development. Investigating different financial needs for the development and maintenance of joint bodies and the development and implementation of basin management and development projects, it contrasts those needs against potential sources of funding and financing from both public and private entities. It provides a comprehensive overview and typology of sources of funding and financing potentially available for those involved in the management and development of transboundary basins, while also providing a sound understanding of related opportunities and challenges. Ultimately, this publication encourages dialogue between basin managers and developers on the one hand and representatives of the financial sector - both public and private - on the other.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Part 1. Introduction; Purpose, scope and application of the GHS ; Definitions and abbreviations ; Classification of hazardous substances and mixtures ; Hazard communication : labelling ; Hazard communication : safety data sheets (SDS)
• Part 2. Physical Hazards: Explosives ; Flammable gases ; Aerosols and chemicals under pressure ; Oxidizing gases ; Gases under pressure ; Flammable liquids ; Flammable solids ; Self-reactive substances and mixtures ; Pyrophoric liquids ; Pyrophoric solids ; Self-heating substances and mixtures ; Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases ; Oxidizing liquids ; Oxidizing solids ; Organic peroxides ; Corrosives to metals ; Desensitized explosives
• Part 3. Health Hazards: Acute toxicity ; Skin corrosion/irritation ; Serious eye damage/eye irritation ; Respiratory or skin sensitization ; Germ cell mutagenicity ; Carcinogenicity;- Reproductive toxicity ; Specific target organ toxicity : single exposure ; Specific target organ toxicity : repeated exposure ; Aspiration hazard
• Part 4. Environmental Hazards: Hazardous to the aquatic environment ; Hazardous to the ozone layer
• Annexes

The GHS addresses classification of chemicals by types of hazard and proposes harmonized hazard communication elements, including labels and safety data sheets. It aims at ensuring that information on physical hazards and toxicity from chemicals be available in order to enhance the protection of human health and the environment during the handling, transport and use of these chemicals. It also provides a basis for harmonization of rules and regulations on chemicals at national, regional and worldwide levels, an important factor also for trade facilitation.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)