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• A Study on Accuracy, Miscalibration, and Popularity Bias in Recommendations
• Measuring Bias in Multimodal Models: Multimodal Composite Association Score
• Evaluating Fairness Metrics
• Utilizing Implicit Feedback for User Mainstreaminess Evaluation and Bias Detection in Recommender Systems
• Preserving Utility in Fair Top-k Ranking with Intersectional Bias
• Mitigating Position Bias in Hotels Recommender Systems
• Improving Recommender System Diversity with Variational Autoencoders
• Addressing Biases in the Texts using an End-to-End Pipeline Approach
• Bootless Application of Greedy Re-ranking Algorithms in Fair Neural Team Formation
• How do you feel? Information Retrieval in Psychotherapy and Fair Ranking Assessment
• Understanding Search Behavior Bias in Wikipedia
• Do you MIND? Reflections on the MIND dataset for research on diversity in news recommendations
• Detecting and Measuring Social Bias of Arabic Generative Models in the Context of Search and Recommendation
• What are we missing in algorithmic fairness? Discussing open challenges for fairness analysis in user profiling with Graph Neural Networks

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Algorithmic Bias in Search and Recommendation, BIAS 2023, held in Dublin, Ireland, in April 2023. The 10 full papers and 4 short papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 36 submissions. The present recent research in the following topics: biases exploration and assessment; mitigation strategies against biases; biases in newly emerging domains of application, including healthcare, Wikipedia, and news, novel perspectives; and conceptualizations of biases in the context of generative models and graph neural networks

• Intro
• Foreword
• References
• Preface
• Contents
• Acronyms
• Part I: Foundation
• Chapter 1: Introduction
• 1.1 Background
• 1.2 Book Structure
• References
• Chapter 2: Formally Modeling Users in Information Retrieval
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Basic Click Models
• 2.3 Advanced Click Models
• 2.4 Clicks and Examinations in Multi-query Search Sessions
• 2.5 Incorporating Users into Click Models
• 2.6 User Models and IR Evaluation Metrics
• 2.7 Summary
• References
• Chapter 3: From Rational Agent to Human with Bounded Rationality
• 3.1 Background

• 3.2 Gaps Between Biased Users and Formal User Models
• 3.3 Hidden Problems Behind Metric-Bias Gaps
• 3.4 Preliminary Bias-Aware Interactive User Modeling and Evaluation Framework
• 3.5 Summary
• References
• Part II: Beyond Rational Agents
• Chapter 4: Bounded Rationality in Decision-Making Under Uncertainty
• 4.1 Background
• 4.2 Two Systems of Human Cognition: Which One Are We Using?
• 4.3 Reference Dependence
• 4.4 Loss Aversion, Endowment Effect, and Status Quo Bias
• 4.5 Expectation (Dis)confirmation Theory
• 4.6 Framing Effect, Confirmation Bias, and Anchoring Bias

• 4.7 Decoy Effect
• 4.8 Peak-End Rule, Recency Effect, and Remembered Utility
• 4.9 Other Biases and Heuristics in Decision-Making Under Uncertainty
• 4.10 Summary
• References
• Chapter 5: Back to the Fundamentals: Extend the Rational Assumptions
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Pre-search Stage
• 5.3 Within-Search Stage
• 5.4 Post-search Stage
• 5.5 Summary
• References
• Part III: Toward a Behavioral Economics Approach
• Chapter 6: Behavioral Economics in IR
• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 From Rational Agents to Boundedly Rational Decision Makers
• 6.3 Pre-search Stage

• 6.4 Within-Search Stage
• 6.5 Post-search Stage
• 6.6 Behavioral Economics and Recommender Systems
• 6.7 Summary
• References
• Chapter 7: Implications and New Directions for IR Research and Practices
• 7.1 Background
• 7.2 Characterizing Bounded Rationality in IR
• 7.3 Development of Bias-Aware Interactive Search Systems
• 7.4 Bias in Multiple Forms and Modalities of Search Interactions
• 7.5 Bias-Aware Evaluation and FATE in IR
• 7.6 Summary
• References
• Chapter 8: Conclusion
• References
• Glossary

This book brings together the insights from three different areas, Information Seeking and Retrieval, Cognitive Psychology, and Behavioral Economics, and shows how this new interdisciplinary approach can advance our knowledge about users interacting with diverse search systems, especially their seemingly irrational decisions and anomalies that could not be predicted by most normative models.

• Why we fact-check
• What we fact-check
• How we fact-check
• Checking different types of facts
• Sourcing
• Record keeping
• Test your skills
• Conclusion

• Part 1: Digital repository functionality
• Digital repositories and discoverability: Definitions and typology / George Macgregor
• Understanding repository functionality and structure / Sharon Farnel
• Understanding the role of metadata in a digital repository / Jenn Riley
• Understanding linked data and the potential for enhanced discoverability / Anna Neatrour, Teresa K. Hebron
• User search behavior in digital repositories / Oksana L. Zavalina, Mary Burke
• Part 2: Case studies in visibility and discoverability outside the digital repository
• Discoverability within the library: Integrated systems and discovery layers / JoLinda Thompson, Sara Hoover
• Discoverability beyond the library: Wikipedia / Elizabeth Joan Kelly
• Discoverability and search engine visibility of repository platforms / Danping Dong, Chee Hsien Aaron Tay

• 1 Information Technology and the Human Image
• 2 Cognitive Information and Knowledge Processing
• 3 Externalization and Reception of Information
• 4 Elements of Informational Literacy
• 5 Informational Literacy in Action
• 6 Informational Literacy as Lived Informational Autonomy
• 7 Informational Autonomy at Risk
• 8 Closure.

"Information literacy and autonomy have become key values for the image of man in a society that is increasingly shaped by digitalization and artificial intelligence. The purpose of this book is to describe abstraction, analogy, inference, plausibility and creativity as basic skills of cognitive information processing and prerequisites for autonomous informational action."--Publisher's webstie.

• Introduction: Investigating Google's Search Engine 1.0 Google's Dominance
• 2.0 The Three Steps of How Search Engines Work: Crawling, Ranking, and Query Results
• 1.1 Step One: Crawling
• 1.2. Step Two: Ranking 1.3 Step Three: Query Results 3.0 Five Key Challenges of Studying Google's Search Engine
• 3.1: Multiple Actors: Search Engine Optimisation and Economic Incentives 3.2: Moving Targets 3.3: Each Search a Partial Viewpoint 3.4: No Real Alternatives 3.5: The Myth of Black Boxes 4.0 Chapter Outlines 5.0 Notation and Examples Chapter One: Understanding Google Queries and the Problem of Intentions Introduction
• 1.0 Categorising How and What People Search 1.1 The Roles of Search Engines and Information Retrieval's Question of Why 1.2 Query Length and the Problems of Intention 1.3 All Information is Ethical: Searching for [food for snakes] 2.0 Predicting Intentions with a Lack of Information: Plato, Gadamer, and Derrida 2.1 Gadamer's Hermeneutics and Plato's Fears of Deception 2.2 Google's Algorithms and Derrida's Monster 3.0 What Kinds of Things Do People Search Google For? 3.1 Google Trends, Brexit, and "Frantically" Googling after the EU Referendum Conclusion
• Chapter Two: Google's Impact on Cognition and Memory: Histories, Concepts, and Technosocial Practices Introduction 1.0 Google's Impact on the Cognition and Memory 1.1 Metaphors of Recall from Extended Minds to Transactive Memory 2.0 Technosocial Memory Practices from Oral Culture to Digital Literacy 3.0 The Legacy of Naturalised Technologies 3.1 Truth and Knowledge for Plato 3.2 Aristotle's Sensory Approach 4.0 Technosocial Memory Before Google: The Ars Memoria 4.1 The Science and Magic of Search 5.0 Treating the Mind as Technology: Bacon, Hooke, and Modern Psychology Conclusion
• Chapter Three: Autocomplete: Stereotypes, Biases, and Designed Discrimination Introduction 1.0 The Desire for a Digital Oracle 1.1 Autocomplete's Minimal Academic Attention 2.0 The Biases of Autocomplete: Stereotypes and Discrimination 3.0 Predicting and Shaping User Attitudes: The Origins of Autocomplete 3.1 So, How Does Autocomplete Operate? 4.0 Second-Order Stereotyping: Sexist Suggestions for Female Scientists
• 4.1 RankBrain and the Biases of Machine Learning 4.2 Automated Misogyny for Every Individual
• 5.0 Speed 5.1 Speed and Judgment: Time to Reflect Conclusion
• Chapter Four: Google's Search Engine Results: What is a Relevant Result?
• Introduction 1.0 "Quantifiable Signals" and Malawian Witch Doctors 2.0 What Should Search Engine Results Be?
• 2.1 The Idealists: Search Is Democratic, Relevance Can Be Measured Objectively, and Answers Can Exist Independently of Bias 2.2 The Difficulty with Measuring Relevance 2.3 The Contextualists: Search Is Undemocratic, Relevance Is a Measure of Personalisation, and All Answers Are Inherently Biased 2.4 Are Search Results Personalised? 3.0 Methodological Challenges of Studying Search Engines
• 3.1 Particular Considerations for Collecting Search Engine Results 4.0 Variables that Matter: Search Experiments in 2015, 2017, and 2021 4.1 The Rationale Behind Focusing on Same-Sex Sexual Orientation 4.2 Queries Used 4.3 Capturing the Spread of Results from the First Page 4.4 Evaluation Method 5.0 Google's Public Position on How They Provide Results
• 6.0 The Importance of Language and Location in Search Results (2015) 6.1 How Do Variations in Terminology and Phrasing Alter Search Results? 6.2 Unimaginable Communities 7.0 How Search Results Change Throughout Time: 2015, 2017, 2021 7.1 Longitudinal Overview: Official Languages in Each Domain 7.2 Terminology Throughout Time: "Homosexual" vs. "Gay" 6.3 Phrasing Throughout Time: "Good" vs. "Wrong" Conclusion
• Chapter Five: The Real Cost of Search Engines: Digital Advertising, Linguistic Capitalism, and the Rise of Fake News Introduction 1.0 The Economics of Google 2.0 The Context of Post-Fordism 3.0 AdWords: Organic vs. Sponsored Results
• 3.1 AdWords: The Multilingual Linguistic Market and an Economy of Bias
• 3.2 Google's Institutionalisation, Data-Collection, and Advertising
• 3.3 AdWords in the Context of "The Magic System"
• 3.4 AdWords and the General Intellect 4.0 The Economic Profits of Discrimination 5.0 Private Profits and Public Loses 5.1 Google's International Expansion 6.0 AdSense and Post-Fordism: The Cost of Google's Billboards
• 6.1 AdSense and Fake News in the 2016 US Presidential Election
• 6.2 The Reciprocal Relationship Between AdSense and Facebook Conclusion
• Conclusion: What if Search Engines Were Actually Built to Benefit Users?
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

What do search engines do? And what should they do? These questions seem relatively simple but are actually urgent social and ethical issues. The influence of Google's search engine is enormous. It does not only shape how Internet users find pages on the World Wide Web, but how we think as individuals, how we collectively remember the past, and how we communicate with one another. This book explores the impact of search engines within contemporary digital culture, focusing on the social, cultural, and philosophical influence of Google. Using case studies like Google's role in the rise of fake news, instances of sexist and misogynistic Autocomplete suggestions, and search queries relating to LGBTQ+ values, it offers original evidence to intervene practically in existing debates. It also addresses other understudied aspects of Google's influence, including the profound implications of its revenue generation for wider society. In doing this, this important book helps to evaluate the real cost of search engines on an individual and global scale.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Territory is shifting. No longer defined by the dotted line of the border or the national footprint of soil, today's territories are enacted through data infrastructures. From subsea cables to server halls, these infrastructures underpin new forms of governance, shaping subjects and their everyday lives. Technical Territories moves from masked protestors in Hong Kong to asylum-seekers in Christmas Island and sand miners in Singapore, exploring how these territories are both political and visceral, altering the experience of their inhabitants. Infrastructures have now become geopolitical, strategic investments that advance national visions, extend influence, and trigger trade wars. Yet at the same time, these technologies also challenge sovereignty as a bounded container, enacting a more distributed and decoupled form of governance. Such "technical territories" construct new zones where subjects are assembled, rights are undermined, labor is coordinated, and capital is extracted. The stable line of the border is replaced by more fluid configurations of power. Luke Munn stages an interdisciplinary intervention over six chapters, drawing upon a wide range of literature from technical documents and activist accounts, and bringing insights from media studies, migration studies, political theory, and cultural and social studies to bear on these new sociotechnical conditions.

• Intro
• Preface
• Contents
• 1: Introduction
• 1.1 The Importance of Search Engines
• 1.2 A Book About Google?
• 1.3 Objective of This Book
• 1.4 Talking About Search Engines
• 1.5 Structure of This Book
• 1.6 Structure of the Chapters and Markings in the Text
• 1.7 Summary
• References
• 2: Ways of Searching the Web
• 2.1 Searching for a Website vs. Searching for Information on a Topic
• Is Searching the Web Like Looking for a Needle in a Haystack?
• 2.2 What Is a Document?
• 2.3 Where Do People Search?
• 2.4 Different Pathways to Information on the World Wide Web

• 2.4.1 Search Engines
• The Concept of the Algorithmic Search Engine in the 1990s
• 2.4.2 Vertical Search Engines
• Examples of Vertical Search Engines
• 2.4.3 Metasearch Engines
• 2.4.4 Web Directories
• 2.4.5 Social Bookmarking Sites
• 2.4.6 Question-Answering Sites
• 2.4.7 Social Networking Sites
• 2.5 Summary
• Further Reading
• References
• 3: How Search Engines Capture and Process Content from the Web
• Is YouTube a Search Engine?
• Why Do Search Engines Only Search a Copy of the Web and Not the Web Itself?
• 3.1 The World Wide Web and How Search Engines Acquire Its Contents

• Which Pages of a Blog Are Documents?
• 3.2 Content Acquisition
• 3.3 Web Crawling: Finding Documents on the Web
• What Information Can a Crawler ``See?́́
• When Was the Last Time a Search Engine Visited a Document?
• 3.3.1 Guiding and Excluding Search Engines
• 3.3.2 Content Exclusion by Search Engine Providers
• 3.3.3 Building the Database and Crawling for Vertical Collections
• 3.4 The Indexer: Preprocessing Documents for Searching
• 3.4.1 Indexing Images, Audio, and Video Files
• 3.4.2 The Representation of Web Documents in Search Engines

• How Can Information from the Anchor Texts Help with Searching?
• 3.5 The Searcher: Understanding Queries
• 3.6 Summary
• Further Reading
• References
• 4: User Interaction with Search Engines
• 4.1 The Search Process
• 4.2 Collecting Usage Data
• 4.3 Query Types
• 4.4 Sessions
• 4.5 Queries
• 4.5.1 Entering Queries
• 4.5.2 Autocomplete Suggestions
• 4.5.3 Query Formulation
• 4.5.4 Query Length
• 4.5.5 Distribution of Queries by Frequency
• How Often Are Particular Queries Made?
• 4.5.6 Query Trends
• 4.5.7 Using Operators and Commands for Specific Searches
• 4.6 Search Topics

• 4.7 Summary
• Further Reading
• References
• 5: Ranking Search Results
• What Should Be Counted as a Ranking Factor?
• 5.1 Groups of Ranking Factors
• 5.2 Text Statistics
• 5.2.1 Identifying Potentially Relevant Documents
• 5.2.2 Calculating Frequencies
• 5.2.3 Considering the Structural Elements of Documents
• 5.3 Popularity
• 5.3.1 Link-Based Rankings
• 5.3.1.1 PageRank
• 5.3.1.2 Development of Link-Based Rankings
• 5.3.2 Usage Statistics
• 5.3.2.1 Analyzing Clicks on Search Engine Result Pages
• 5.3.2.2 Collecting Data for Usage Statistics

This book provides a broad introduction to search engines by integrating five different perspectives on Web search and search engines that are usually dealt with separately: the technical perspective, the user perspective, the internet-based research perspective, the economic perspective, and the societal perspective. After a general introduction to the topic, two foundational chapters present how search tools can cover the Webs content and how search engines achieve this by crawling and processing the found documents. The next chapter on user behavior covers how people phrase their search queries and interact with search engines. This knowledge builds the foundation for describing how results are ranked and presented. The following three chapters then deal with the economic side of search engines, i.e., Google and the search engine market, search engine optimization (SEO), and the intermingling of organic and sponsored search results. Next, the chapter on search skills presents techniques for improving searches through advanced search interfaces and commands. Following that, the Deep Web and how its content can be accessed is explained. The two subsequent chapters cover ways to improve the quality of search results, while the next chapter describes how to access the Deep Web. Last but not least, the following chapter deals with the societal role of search engines before the final chapter concludes the book with an outlook on the future of Web search. With this book, students and professionals in disciplines like computer science, online marketing, or library and information science will learn how search engines work, what their main shortcomings are at present, and what prospects there are for their further development. The different views presented will help them to understand not only the basic technologies but also the implications the current implementations have concerning economic exploitation and societal impact.

• Introduction
• Ways of searching the web
• How search engines capture and process content from the web
• User interaction with search engine
• Ranking search results
• Vertical search
• Search result presentation
• The search engine market
• Search engine optimization (SEO)
• Search engine advertising (SEA)
• Alternatives to google
• Search skills
• Search result quality
• The deep web
• Search engines between bias and neutrality
• The future of search.

"This book provides a broad introduction to search engines by integrating five different perspectives on Web search and search engines that are usually dealt with separately: the technical perspective, the user perspective, the internet-based research perspective, the economic perspective, and the societal perspective. After a general introduction to the topic, two foundational chapters present how search tools can cover the Webs content and how search engines achieve this by crawling and processing the found documents. The next chapter on user behavior covers how people phrase their search queries and interact with search engines. This knowledge builds the foundation for describing how results are ranked and presented. The following three chapters then deal with the economic side of search engines, i.e., Google and the search engine market, search engine optimization (SEO), and the intermingling of organic and sponsored search results. Next, the chapter on search skills presents techniques for improving searches through advanced search interfaces and commands. Following that, the Deep Web and how its content can be accessed is explained. The two subsequent chapters cover ways to improve the quality of search results, while the next chapter describes how to access the Deep Web. Last but not least, the following chapter deals with the societal role of search engines before the final chapter concludes the book with an outlook on the future of Web search. With this book, students and professionals in disciplines like computer science, online marketing, or library and information science will learn how search engines work, what their main shortcomings are at present, and what prospects there are for their further development. The different views presented will help them to understand not only the basic technologies but also the implications the current implementations have concerning economic exploitation and societal impact"-- Provided by publisher.

• Popularity Bias in Collaborative Filtering-Based Multimedia Recommender Systems.- Recommender Systems and Users' Behaviour Effect on Choice's Distribution and Quality.- Sequential Nature of Recommender Systems Disrupts the Evaluation Process.- Towards an Approach for Analyzing Dynamic Aspects of Bias and Beyond-Accuracy Measures.- A Crowdsourcing Methodology to Measure Algorithmic Bias in Black-box Systems: A Case Study with COVID-related Searches.- The Unfairness of Active Users and Popularity Bias in Point-of-Interest Recommendation.- The Unfairness of Popularity Bias in Book Recommendation.- Mitigating Popularity Bias in Recommendation: Potential and Limits of Calibration Approaches.- Analysis of Biases in Calibrated Recommendations.- Do Perceived Gender Biases in Retrieval Results affect Users' Relevance Judgements?.- Enhancing Fairness in Classification Tasks with Multiple Variables: a Data- and Model-Agnostic Approach.- Keyword Recommendation for Fair Search.- FARGO: a Fair, context-AwaRe, Group recOmmender system.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book constitutes refereed proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Algorithmic Bias in Search and Recommendation, BIAS 2022, held in April, 2022. The 9 full papers and 4 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 34 submissions. The papers cover topics that go from search and recommendation in online dating, education, and social media, over the impact of gender bias in word embeddings, to tools that allow to explore bias and fairnesson the Web. .
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

This two-volume set LNCS 13185 and 13186 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 44th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2022, held in April 2022, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 35 full papers presented together with 11 reproducibility papers, 13 CLEF lab descriptions papers, 12 doctoral consortium papers, 5 workshop abstracts, and 4 tutorials abstracts were carefully reviewed and selected from 395 submissions. Chapter "Leveraging Customer Reviews for E-commerce Query Generation" of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

This two-volume set LNCS 13185 and 13186 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 44th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2022, held in April 2022, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 35 full papers presented together with 11 reproducibility papers, 13 CLEF lab descriptions papers, 12 doctoral consortium papers, 5 workshop abstracts, and 4 tutorials abstracts were carefully reviewed and selected from 395 submissions.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction
• Belkin Model
• Ingwersen Model
• Ellis Model
• Kuhlthau Model
• Wilson Model
• Dervin Model
• Byström Model
• Cruz Model
• References
• Index.

"In our lives, we need information continuously to carry out tasks of any kind (personal, academic, and professional). Depending on the context in which we find ourselves and the time available to carry out the task, emotions such as uncertainty and stress can present in the search process. But the important thing is that when we know the search process, the uncertainty and stress are minimized. In this context, the author investigates existing studies on the search and retrieval of information from the user's perspective. The study turned out to be very complex for two reasons: 1. Scientific literature is widely dispersed in different articles and academic books, even if it was the same search and information retrieval model. 2. Sources are not accessible to all people. As a consequence, the author plans to disseminate the results of this research with the aim of facilitating knowledge and understanding of anyone interested in entering the information search and retrieval process. With the collaboration of Nova Science Publishers, we find ourselves before an affordable, simple, and manageable book. Chapters 1 to 7 outline the search and information retrieval models of the following authors: Belkin, Ingwersen, Ellis, Kuhlthau, Wilson, Dervin, and Byström. In Chapter 8, the author presents her own model for searching and retrieving information. This model is formed by some elements previously seen from the other authors, but also by other novel ones such as the organisation. This is due to the fact that some of the tasks carried out with greater frequency and complexity are those that intervene in our professional tasks, in which scientific studies confirm that an effective organisation cannot be conceived without efficient information management"-- Provided by publisher.

• Introduction
• Artificial Intelligence and Discovering the Digitized Photoarchive
• Web Archives and the Problem of Access: Prototyping a Researcher Dashboard for the UK Government Web Archive
• Design Thinking, UX and Born-digital Archives: Solving the Problem of Dark Archives Closed to Users
• Towards Critically Addressable Data for Digital Library User Studies
• Reviewing the Reviewers: Training Neural Networks to Read Peer Review Reports
• Supervised and Unsupervised: Approaches to Machine Learning for Textual Entities
• Inviting AI into the Archives: The Reception of Handwritten Recognition Technology into Historical Manuscript Transcription
• AFTERWORD: Towards a new Discipline of Computational Archival Science (CAS)
• Authors (by order of appearance in the volume).
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Digital archives are transforming the Humanities and the Sciences. Digitised collections of newspapers and books have pushed scholars to develop new, data-rich methods. Born-digital archives are now better preserved and managed thanks to the development of open-access and commercial software. Digital Humanities have moved from the fringe to the centre of academia. Yet, the path from the appraisal of records to their analysis is far from smooth. This book explores crossovers between various disciplines to improve the discoverability, accessibility, and use of born-digital archives and other cultural assets.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction: Collecting in the Digital Age - Christoph Zeller
• 1: Collecting: Defining the Subject - Johannes Endres PART I. Spaces of Collecting
• 2: Collector as Curator: Collecting in the Post-Internet Age - Boris Groys
• 3: Should Libraries Still Be Charged with Collecting in a Digital Environment? - Michael Knoche
• 4: Museums and Collecting as/and Media in the Digital Age - Peter M. McIsaac PART II. Recollection
• 5: Quality Storage: Collecting as a Technique of Reading - Nikolaus Wegmann
• 6: Phenomenology of Memory in an Age of Big Data - Clifford B. Anderson
• 7: Collecting the Cultural Memory of Palmyra - Erin L. Thompson
• 8: Conservation in the Digital Age - Jessica Walthew PART III. Virtuality
• 9: Music and the Limits of Collectibility - Rolf J. Goebel
• 10: Cat Art and Climate Change: Collecting in the Data Anthropocene - Edward Dawson PART IV. Economics
• 11: Doomed to Collect: Dataveillance as Inner Logic of the Internet - Roberto Simanowski
• 12: Data Collection in the Age of Surveillance Capitalism - Douglas C. Schmidt Notes on the Contributors Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Seminal to the rise of human cultures, the practice of collecting is an expression of individual and societal self-understanding. Through collections, cultures learn and grow. The introduction of digital technology has accelerated this process and at the same time changed how, what, and why we collect. Ever-expanding storage capacities and the accumulation of unprecedented amounts of data are part of a highly complex information economy in which collecting has become even more important for the formation of the past, present, and future. Museums, libraries, and archives have adapted to the requirements of a digital environment, as has anyone who browses the internet and stores information on hard drives or cloud servers. In turn, companies follow the digital footprint we leave behind. Today, collecting includes not only physical objects but also the binary code that allows for their virtual representation on screen. Collecting in the Twenty-First Century identifies the impact of technology, both new and old, on the cultural practice of collecting as well as the challenges and opportunities of collecting in the digital era. Scholars from German Studies, Media Studies, Museum Studies, Sound Studies, Information Technology, and Art History as well as librarians and preservationists offer insights into the most recent developments in collecting practices.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Digital Gap in Global and African Countries: Inequalities of Opportunities and COVID-19 Crisis Impact Syden Mishi, Godfred Anakpo E-skills and Wages in Tunisia Najeh Aissaoui Digital Literacy in Africa: A Case Study of Kenya National Library Services, Thika Miriam Mureithi Digital transformation in city of Johannesburg Library Services through the provision of E-Learning services Jeff B Nyoka National Library of Nigeria and the Promotion of Digital Equity Glory, Okeagu, Okwuoma Chidumebi Chijioke, Daship Na'angap, Solape Oshile Driving Digital Literacy - An Assessment of GhLA's Interventions Against the COVID-19 Impact on Library Services Hayford Siaw Impact of COVID-19 on Digital Divide: Perspectives of an Educator and a Librarian in Botswana Lynn Jibril, Priti Jain Digital literacy Skills Investigation among Third Year Bachelor of Library and Information Science Students of Makerere University Faridah Muzaki, Sarah Kaddu, Eric Nelson Haumba ICT Training for Children with Hearing-Impairment Rachel Andisi Underscoring the Value of Digital Literacy as a Tool for Reducing Unemployment and Enhancing Workplace Productivity Lanre Abubakar Folurunso and Emmanuel Omeiza Momoh Backwards Design Modelling of Digital Literacy in Africa Oluwaseun David Adepoju.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Sustainable development can only be achieved when no one is left behind. An enduring lesson from the COVID-19 crisis is how important the availability of digital infrastructure and skills for individuals and communities is for teaching, learning, employability or just being able to participate fully in society. Digital literacy has become critical for millions all over the world and the need has been keenly felt in Africa, where so many have had to quickly adapt and use online platforms for various purposes. The African library sector has been a key advocate for digital literacy across the continent. But what has been achieved and how? How has digital literacy assisted user communities? What remains to be done? This important book features contributions from libraries across Africa outlining how they have approached the shift towards a better and more widespread digital literacy. Coverage includes: how in Kenya, in line with the country's national vision, libraries have been teaching their user communities, including deaf children, to ably operate in online spaces the role of digital literacy in increasing employability in Tunisia the efforts of the Ghana Library Authority, the National Library of Nigeria and the City of Johannesburg Library, South Africa in driving digital literacy through eLearning initiatives and other digital services insights into the level of digital skills of students in Uganda and how tertiary institutions in Botswana have been moving to teaching and learning on digital platforms. This book seeks to explain how the global pandemic has exacerbated the already existing digital gap in Africa. It shows why laying emphasis on digital literacy, where there is inadequate digital infrastructure in the continent, may constitute a great setback in the goal that 'no one is left behind' in the drive for all to be digitally literate and to fully participate in the 21st century society.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• The Meaning of Truth in the Post-Truth Culture
• The Science of the Mind and the Post-Truth Culture
• Digital Utopias Lost: How the Conflicting Dreams from the Dawn of Cyberspace Diverged
• As We May Come to Think: How Technology Changes Way We Think
• Propaganda: The Good, the Bad, and the Persuasive
• Information Wants to Be Free-And Why It Is Not
• Conspiracy Theories in the Post-Truth Culture
• The Powerful Influence of Popular Culture-Amplified by Digital Technology-On the Post-Truth Culture

By comparing current abuses of the truth with abuses from the past, this book will help you better understand how we got to where we now are, see how we can move beyond the post-truth era, and develop highly practical skills for separating truth from lies.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Intelligent document analysis.- Neural-based knowledge extraction.- Knowledge discovery for enhancing collaboration.- Smart search and annotation.- Cultural data collection and analysis.- Scholarly data processing.- Data archive and management.- Research activities and digital library.- Trends in digital library.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2022, which was held in November/December 2022. The 14 full, 18 short, and 12 poster papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 78 submissions. Based on significant contributions, the full and short papers have been classified into the following topics: intelligent document analysis; neural-based knowledge extraction; knowledge discovery for enhancing collaboration; smart search and annotation; cultural data collection and analysis; scholarly data processing; data archive and management; research activities and digital library; and trends in digital library. .
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Information Literacy in a Post-truth Era and News Literacy.- Health Literacy.- Data Literacy.- Digital Literacy and Digital Empowerment.- Other Literacies.- Information Literacy in Different Contexts.- Information Literacy Education in Different Sectors.- Information Literacy Instruction.- Assessment and Evaluation of Information Literacy.- Academic Integrity, Plagiarism and Digital Piracy.- Information Behaviour.- Information Literacy, Libraries and Librarians.- Information Literacy in Different Cultures and Countries.- Information Literacy and Democracy, Citizenship, Active Participation.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Information Literacy, ECIL 2021, held in online mode in September 2021. The 61 revised papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 192 submissions. The papers are organized in the topical sections on information literacy in a post-truth era and news literacy; health literacy; data literacy; digital literacy and digital empowerment; other literacies; information literacy in different contexts; information literacy education in different sectors; information literacy instruction; assessment and evaluation of information literacy; academic integrity, plagiarism and digital piracy; information behaviour; information literacy, libraries and librarians; information literacy in different cultures and countries; information literacy and democracy, citizenship, active participation.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction. "Let us calculate!"
• 1. A sudden acceleration
• 2. The ecology of the internet
• 3. The reckoning engine and the thinking machine
• 4. "How closely woven the web" : the internet
• 5. A window on the world
• Notes
• General Bibliography
• Index

An original deep history of the internet that tells the story of the centuries-old utopian dreams behind it-and explains why they have died today Many think of the internet as an unprecedented and overwhelmingly positive achievement of modern human technology. But is it? In The Internet Is Not What You Think It Is, Justin Smith offers an original deep history of the internet, from the ancient to the modern world-uncovering its surprising origins in nature and centuries-old dreams of radically improving human life by outsourcing thinking to machines and communicating across vast distances. Yet, despite the internet's continuing potential, Smith argues, the utopian hopes behind it have finally died today, killed by the harsh realities of social media, the global information economy, and the attention-destroying nature of networked technology. Ranging over centuries of the history and philosophy of science and technology, Smith shows how the "internet" has been with us much longer than we usually think. He draws fascinating connections between internet user experience, artificial intelligence, the invention of the printing press, communication between trees, and the origins of computing in the machine-driven looms of the silk industry. At the same time, he reveals how the internet's organic structure and development root it in the natural world in unexpected ways that challenge efforts to draw an easy line between technology and nature. Combining the sweep of intellectual history with the incisiveness of philosophy, The Internet Is Not What You Think It Is cuts through our daily digital lives to give a clear-sighted picture of what the internet is, where it came from, and where it might be taking us in the coming decades.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)