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• Introduction
• The first "Medieval" advocates
• Putting down roots in ninth-century Francia
• The "aristocratization" of post-Carolingian advocacy
• Elite competition at the turn of the first millennium
• The limits of church reform
• Pigs and sheep, beer and wine, pennies and pounds
• A hyistory of violence
• Weapons of the not-so-weak
• The murder of Archbishop Engelber
• Widening the lens
• The emperor as vogt, ca. 1000-1500
• From lordship to government?
• Reframing the history of violence
• Crossing the false divide : advocates after 1500
• A cultural history of the rapacious advocate, or : William Tell's revenge
• Conclusion

• Introduction
• 1. The First "Medieval" Advocates
• 2. Putting Down Roots in Ninth-Century Francia
• 3. The "Aristocratization" of Post-Carolingian Advocacy
• 4. Elite Competition at the Turn of the First Millennium
• 5. The Limits of Church Reform
• 6. Pigs and Sheep, Beer and Wine, Pennies and Pounds
• 7. A History of Violence
• 8. Weapons of the Not-so-Weak
• 9. The Murder of Archbishop Engelbert
• 10. Widening the Lens
• 11. The Emperor as Vogt, ca. 1000-1500
• 12. From Lordship to Government?
• 13. Reframing the History of Violence
• 14. Crossing the False Divide: Advocates after 1500
• 15. A Cultural History of the Rapacious Advocate, or: William Tell's Revenge
• Conclusion.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

What was an "advocate" (Latin: advocatus; German: Vogt) in the Middle Ages? What responsibilities came with the position and how did they change over time? With this groundbreaking study, Jonathan R. Lyon challenges the standard narrative of a "medieval" Europe of feudalism and lordship being replaced by a "modern" Europe of government, bureaucracy and the state. By focusing on the position of advocate, he argues for continuity in corrupt practices of justice and protection between 750 and 1800. This book traces the development of the role of church advocate from the Carolingian period onward and explains why this position became associated with the violent abuse of power on churches' estates. When other types of advocates became common in and around Germany after 1250, including territorial and urban advocates, they were not officeholders in developing bureaucracies. Instead, they used similar practices to church advocates to profit illicitly from their positions, which calls into question scholarly arguments about the decline of violent lordship and the rise of governmental accountability in European history.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

"Peter Linehan (+2020) followed his survey of original papal letters in Portugal, Portugalia pontifica 1198-1417 (2013) with the present volume, España Pontifica, that covers papal letters to Spanish recipients from Pope Innocent II (1198-1216) to Pope Boniface VIII (+1303). This volume will provide students of the medieval papacy and the Spanish church with an invaluable research tool to explore the relationship between Rome and Spain during the crucial period of the Spanish Reconquistà after the battles of Navas de Tolosa (1212) to the capture of Seville (1248). Linehan spent his career cataloguing papal letters from more than sixty Spanish repositories. For the past sixty years the Vatican has also been engaged in publishing surveys of original papal letters preserved from various European archives. However, this volume includes material that has not been included in these surveys"-- Provided by publisher

• Preface to the Edition and Translation of the Old Frisian Main Text / Han Nijdam
• Preface to the Edition and Translation of the Gloss / Jan Hallebeek and Hylkje de Jong
• Text and Translation

"Around 1485, the age-old compilation of Old Frisian customary law, partly dating back to the 11th century, was put into print. Latin glosses were included in the text with references to Canon and Roman law. This gloss tradition had come into being during the 13th and 14th centuries. This incunable came to be known as Freeska Landriucht or Frisian Land Law. This book presents its first edition with an English translation"-- Provided by publisher

• Introduction
• Preface to the edition and translation of the Old Frisian main text / Han Nijdam
• Preface to the edition and translation of the Gloss / Jan Hallebeek and Hylkje de Jong

"Around 1485, the age-old compilation of Old Frisian customary law, partly dating back to the 11th century, was put into print. Latin glosses were included in the text with references to Canon and Roman law. This gloss tradition had come into being during the 13th and 14th centuries. This incunable came to be known as Freeska Landriucht or Frisian Land Law. This book presents its first edition with an English translation"-- Provided by publisher

• Liste des illustrations et des tableaux
• Remerciements
• Liste des manuscrits de la loi salique
• Introduction
• 1. Éditer la loi salique au XXe siècle
• Le jeune rival de Bruno Krusch
• L'ascension de Karl August Eckhardt
• La course à l'édition
• Les éditions perdues de la seconde guerre mondiale
• Les éditions de l'après-guerre
• 2. L'absence de manuscrits mérovingiens
• L'impasse des déductions philologiques
• La version B de la loi salique
• La recherche d'une version en 65 chapitres
• Les fluctuations de la version C
• 3. La loi salique à la fin du vue siècle
• Un corpus juridique en cours de constitution
• Les manuscrits de la version D
• 4. Les origines de la loi salique
• La datation de la loi salique
• Le petit prologue et le Liber Historiae Francorum
• Les autres introductions de la loi salique du IXe siècle
• Un règlement militaire du IVe siècle ?
• 5. Écrire des ajouts aux lois (744-819)
• La législation franque au siècle
• Des lois aux capitulaires
• Un espace de liberté
• Ajouts et reprises des lois barbares
• Une nouvelle préoccupation : le copiste
• 6. Une première version carolingienne
• La version E, une rédaction carolingienne de la loi salique
• Les caractéristiques de la version E
• 7. Une nouvelle version sous Charlemagne
• La Lex Salica Karolina
• Les manuscrits de la loi salique K copiés durant le règne de Charlemagne
• 8. Les différentes versions de la loi salique au le siècle
• Sous les premiers rois carolingiens, Pépin et Charlemagne
• Le manuscrit A i et le modèle biblique
• Copier la loi salique version K entre 814 et 850
• La baisse de la diversité des versions de la Loi salique
• Conclusion : L'idéal de conservation de la loi.

"La loi salique a été l'objet d'une attention approfondie à la fin d6 Moyen Âge, où elle fut utilisée par les partisans du roi de France pour justifier les successions royales d l'éviction du roi d'Angleterre, aussi bien qu'à l'époque moderne et contemporaine, car les érudits y ont cherché l'expression des -coutumes germaniques originelles. Pour autant, elle n'a fait l'objet que d'une édition partielle et les manuscrits qui la comportent, copiés à l'époque carolingienne, n'ont encore jamais fait l'objet d'une étude systématique. L'étude revient sur les conditions de l'échec d'une édition scientifique de la loi salique, au-milieu du XXe siècle, puis se consacre aux témoins manuscrits, copiés après 750. La comparaison détaillée des différentes versions du texte et des différents recueils manuscrits jette un nouvel éclairage, sur l'histoire compliquée de ce texte."--Page 4 of cover.

• List of Tables
• Notes on Contributors
• Introduction
• 1 The Bannum in Italian Bankruptcy Law (Fourteenth-Fifteenth Centuries)
• Marta Lupi
• 2 "Without regard to foreignness" The Reciprocal Equal Treatment of Foreign Creditors in the Early Modern German Territories
• Remko Mooi
• 3 Modifying Procedural Practices, Shaping Economic Identities The Middle Class and Negotiated Debt Adjustment in Commercial Courts in Belgium (1883-1914)
• Pieter De Reu
• 4 Citizenship in Early Modern Amsterdam An Artisanal Identity?
• Marco In 't Veld and Maurits den Hollander
• 5 The Pareres of the Governors of the Frankfurt Exchange Legal Opinions of Frankfurt Merchants in the Eighteenth Century
• Sonja Breustedt
• 6 Identity, Conflict and Commercial Law Legal Strategies of Castilian Merchants in the Low Countries (Fifteenth-Sixteenth Centuries)
• Gijs Dreijer
• 7 The Learning Market in Early Modern Antwerp (Seventeenth-Eighteenth Centuries) Circulation of Knowledge within the Context of Private Partnership Contracts
• Patrick Naaktgeboren
• 8 Family, Religion, and Business Cooperation Jewish Private Partnerships in Eighteenth-Century Amsterdam
• Manon Moerman
• 9 "Tolerate their religion, but not their usury" Conrad Summenhart on Tolerating Jewish Bankers in an Era of Mass Expulsions
• Joost Possemiers
• Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Legal historians have analysed the characteristics of merchant guilds and nationes (i.e., associations of foreign merchants), as well as the political clout of merchants, including foreign ones. However, how the legal status of citizens related to the merchant class and how its contents were influenced by trade remains largely unclear.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Acknowledgements
• List of abbreviations
• Maps of medieval Europe
• Introduction
• 1. The sources of international law: treaties
• 2. That which is practised on a daily basis: displacement of people
• 3. The rules consistently obeyed: redress, amnesty and transitional justice
• 4. Justifying action: law, responsibility and deterrence
• 5. Resolving disputes: arbitration, mediation and third-party intervention
• Conclusion
• Appendix: List of treaties
• Bibliography
• Index.

Was there international law in the Middle Ages? This book examines the extent to which such a system of rules was known and followed in the period 700 to 1200. Taking treaties as its main source, it challenges traditional interpretations of the history of international law and how it functioned in a period before fully fledged nation states.

• Introduction 1 The sources of international law: treaties 2 That which is practised on a daily basis: displacement of people 3 The rules consistently obeyed: redress, amnesty, and transitional justice 4 Justifying action: law, responsibility, and deterrence 5 Resolving disputes: arbitration, mediation, and third-party intervention Conclusion Index
• .
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Was there international law in the Middle Ages? Using treaties as its main source, this book examines the extent to which such a system of rules was known and followed in the period 700 to 1200. It considers how consistently international legal rules were obeyed, whether there was a reliance on justification of action and whether the system had the capacity to resolve disputed questions of fact and law. The book further sheds light on issues such as compliance, enforcement, deterrence, authority and jurisdiction, challenging traditional ideas over their role and function in the history of international law. International law in Europe, 700-1200 will appeal to students and scholars of medieval Europe, international law and its history, as well as those with a more general interest in warfare, diplomacy and international relations. -- .
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction
• Theatre, theatrocracy, and the politics of pathos in the Athenian lawcourt
• The Roman advocate as actor : actio, pronuntiatio, prosopopoeia, and persuasive empathy in Cicero and Quintilian
• Courtroom oratory, forensic delivery, and the wayward body in medieval rhetorical theory
• Irreverent performances, heterodox subjects, and the unscripted crowd from the medieval courtroom to the stocks and scaffold
• Performing law in the age of theatre (c. 1500-1650)
• Legal performance education in early modern England
• Epilogue

Tirades against legal theatrics are nearly as old as law itself, and yet so is the age-old claim that law must not merely be done: it must be "seen to be done." Law as Performance traces the history of legal performance and spectatorship through the early modern period. Viewing law as the product not merely of edicts or doctrines but of expressive action, it investigates the performances that literally created law: in civic arenas, courtrooms, judges' chambers, marketplaces, scaffolds, and streets. It examines the legal codes, learned treatises, trial reports, lawyers' manuals, execution narratives, rhetoric books, images (and more) that confronted these performances, praising their virtues or denouncing their evils. In so doing, it recovers a long, rich, and largely overlooked tradition of jurisprudential thought about law as a performance practice. This tradition not only generated an elaborate poetics and politics of legal performance. It provided western jurisprudence with a set of constitutive norms that, in working to distinguish law from theatrics, defined the very nature of law. In the crucial opposition between law and theatre, law stood for cool deliberation, by-the-book rules, and sovereign discipline. Theatre stood for deceptive artifice, entertainment, histrionics, melodrama. And yet legal performance, even at its most theatrical, also appeared fundamental to law's realization: a central mechanism for shaping legal subjects, key to persuasion, essential to deterrence, indispensable to law's power, -as it still does today.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction
• Profiles : three late medieval law courts
• Legal space
• The rituality of court practice
• Legal text and social context
• Court and society : the production and consumption of justice
• General conclusion.

"Late medieval societies witnessed the emergence of a particular form of socio-legal practice and logic, focused on the law court and its legal process. In a context of legal pluralism, courts tried to carve out their own position by influencing people's conception of what justice was and how one was supposed to achieve it. These "scripts of justice" took shape through a range of media, including texts, speech, embodied activities and the spaces used to perform all these. Looking beyond traditional historiographical narratives of state building or the professionalization of law, this book argues that the development of law courts was grounded in changing forms of multimedial interaction between those who sought justice and those who claimed to provide it. Through a comparative study of three markedly different types of courts, it involves both local contexts and broader developments in tracing the communication strategies of these late medieval claimants to socio-legal authority"-- Provided by publisher.

• Vorwort / Bernhard Jussen,Karl Ubl
• Die Sprache der Kapitularien. Einleitung / Bernhard Jussen, Karl Ubl
• 1. Kapitularien und andere textsorten
• Novae et antiquae consuetudines. Beobachtungen zu Geschichte und Exegese in den karolingischen Kapitularien / Gerda Heydemann, Helmut Reimitz
• Écrire des ajouts aux lois : le prince, les grands, le copiste (744-819) / Magali Coumert
• Die sogenannten Capitularia monastica Ludwigs des Frommen / Steffen Patzold
• Spuren von Urkundenformular in den fränkischen Herrschererlassen bis 840 / Britta Mischke
• Langue des capitulaires et langue des chartes : richesses, circulations, spécificités / Nicolas Perreaux
• Die moralische Sprache der Predigten und der Kapitularien / Maximilian Diesenberger
• 2. Wortfelder in Kapitularien
• Cross-referencing in Charlemagne's capitularies : a vocabulary of power / Jennifer R. Davis
• L'environnement syntaxique du verbe iubere dans les capitulaires carolingiens / Jean Meyers
• "Thy stranger within thy gates" : the semantic field of "foreignness" in the Frankish capitularies / Els Rose
• Fideles Dei et regis : Ein Zeugma in der politisch-religiösen Rechtssprache des Karolingerreiches / Stefan Esders
• Register

• 1. Introduction
• 2. Spanish Netherlands - Holy Water, Witchcraft Powder, and the Collar
• 3. Northern Germany - Bloksberg, Red Rider, and Torture 'in a humane way'
• 4. Denmark - Weather Magic, Witches' Dance, and Personal Demons
• 5. Scotland - Devil's Pact, Gatherings, and Sleep Deprivation
• 6. England - Familiars, Teats, and Witchfinders
• 7. Norway - Charms, Blakoll, and Chasing Fish
• 8. Sweden - Kullen, Blakulla, and the Water Man
• 9. Finland - Magic Salt, Uncovered Hair, and Blakulla
• 10. Comparison and Conclusion.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Women come to the fore in witchcraft trials as accused persons or as witnesses, and this book is a study of women's voices in these trials in eight countries around the North Sea: Spanish Netherlands, Northern Germany, Denmark, Scotland, England, Norway, Sweden, and Finland. From each country, three trials are chosen for close reading of courtroom discourse and the narratological approach enables various individuals to speak. Throughout the study, a choir of 24 voices of accused women are heard which reveal valuable insight into the field of mentalities and display both the individual experience of witchcraft accusation and the development of the trial. Particular attention is drawn to the accused women's confessions, which are interpreted as enforced narratives. The analyses of individual trials are also contextualized nationally and internationally by a frame of historical elements, and a systematic comparison between the countries shows strong similarities regarding the impact of specific ideas about witchcraft, use of pressure and torture, the turning point of the trial, and the verdict and sentence. This volume is an essential resource for all students and scholars interested in the history of witchcraft, witchcraft trials, transnationality, cultural exchanges, and gender in early modern Northern Europe.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Great Christian jurists in the low countries Wim Decock and Janwillem Oosterhuis
• 1. Alger of Liege Emmanuel Falzone
• 2. Arnoldus Gheyloven Bram Van Hofstraeten
• 3. Boetius Epo Hylkje de Jong
• 4. Leonardus Lessius Toon Van Houdt
• 5. Franciscus Zypaeus Wouter Druwe
• 6. Hugo Grotius Janwillem Oosterhuis
• 7. Paulus Voet (1619-1667) - A Christian jurist during the Dutch golden age Johannes van Kralingen
• 8. Ulrik Huber Atsuko Fukuoka
• 9. Zeger-Bernard van Espen Jan Hallebeek
• 10. Dionysius van der Keessel (1738-1816). The defiance of a Christian conservative E. Koops
• 11. Pieter Paulus (1753-1796) Matthijs de Blois
• 12. Guillaume Groen van Prinsterer Jan Willem Sap
• 13. Edouard Ducpetiaux - A Christian, but also a jurist? Frank Judo
• 14. Charles Perin Fred Stevens
• 15. Leon de Lantsheere (1862-1912) Peter Heyrman
• 16. Paul Scholten Timo Slootweg
• 17. Willem Duynstee Corjo Jansen
• 18. Jules Storme (1887-1955), the Catholic jurist and the growing pains of Christian democracy in Belgium Dirk Heirbaut
• 19. Herman Dooyeweerd Bas Hengstmengel
• 20. Josse Mertens de Wilmars (1912-2002) Laurent Waelkens.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

What impact has Christianity had on law and policies in the Lowlands from the eleventh century through the end of the twentieth century? Taking the gradual 'secularization' of European legal culture as a framework, this volume explores the lives and times of twenty legal scholars and professionals to study the historical impact of the Christian faith on legal and political life in the Low Countries. The process whereby Christian belief systems gradually lost their impact on the regulation of secular affairs passed through several stages, not in the least the Protestant Reformation, which led to the separation of the Low Countries in a Protestant North and a Catholic South in the first place. The contributions take up general issues such as the relationship between justice and mercy, Christianity and politics as well as more technical topics of state-church law, criminal law and social policy.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Great Christian jurists in the low countries Wim Decock and Janwillem Oosterhuis
• 1. Alger of Liege Emmanuel Falzone
• 2. Arnoldus Gheyloven Bram Van Hofstraeten
• 3. Boetius Epo Hylkje de Jong
• 4. Leonardus Lessius Toon Van Houdt
• 5. Franciscus Zypaeus Wouter Druwe
• 6. Hugo Grotius Janwillem Oosterhuis
• 7. Paulus Voet (1619-1667) - A Christian jurist during the Dutch golden age Johannes van Kralingen
• 8. Ulrik Huber Atsuko Fukuoka
• 9. Zeger-Bernard van Espen Jan Hallebeek
• 10. Dionysius van der Keessel (1738-1816). The defiance of a Christian conservative E. Koops
• 11. Pieter Paulus (1753-1796) Matthijs de Blois
• 12. Guillaume Groen van Prinsterer Jan Willem Sap
• 13. Edouard Ducpetiaux - A Christian, but also a jurist? Frank Judo
• 14. Charles Perin Fred Stevens
• 15. Leon de Lantsheere (1862-1912) Peter Heyrman
• 16. Paul Scholten Timo Slootweg
• 17. Willem Duynstee Corjo Jansen
• 18. Jules Storme (1887-1955), the Catholic jurist and the growing pains of Christian democracy in Belgium Dirk Heirbaut
• 19. Herman Dooyeweerd Bas Hengstmengel
• 20. Josse Mertens de Wilmars (1912-2002) Laurent Waelkens.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

What impact has Christianity had on law and policies in the Lowlands from the eleventh century through the end of the twentieth century? Taking the gradual 'secularization' of European legal culture as a framework, this volume explores the lives and times of twenty legal scholars and professionals to study the historical impact of the Christian faith on legal and political life in the Low Countries. The process whereby Christian belief systems gradually lost their impact on the regulation of secular affairs passed through several stages, not in the least the Protestant Reformation, which led to the separation of the Low Countries in a Protestant North and a Catholic South in the first place. The contributions take up general issues such as the relationship between justice and mercy, Christianity and politics as well as more technical topics of state-church law, criminal law and social policy.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)