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• Introduction
• Part 1. Unveiling dancers' artistry. Performing: A transcendent experience
• Breath, movement, emotion and music
• Expressivity, harmony, creativity and artistry
• Technique, training and changes in dancers' brains
• Dealing with challenges
• Part 2. The magical motor system. The science behind the scenes
• Pathways to new skills
• Part 3. The art of training dancers. Our role as ballet teachers
• Skills in cueing and feedback
• Discovering technique
• The speaking body
• Discovering the dancer inside
• Afterword.

"This edited collection explores a diverse range of climate (in)justice case studies from the Majority World - where most of humans and non-humans live. It is also the site of the most severe impacts of climate change and home to some of the key solutions for the climate crisis. The collection brings together twelve chapters featuring the work of over thirty authors from around the globe. The impacts of climate change are disproportionately affecting individuals, communities, and countries in the Majority World who historically have contributed little to rising global temperatures. The twelve chapters focus on a range of cross-cutting themes, demonstrating both individual and collective experiences of climate change and struggles for achieving climate justice from the Majority World. This includes activism, resistance, and social movement organising in India and Brazil, lived experiences and understandings of frontline communities in Bangladesh and South Africa, consequences of and responses to disasters in Mozambique and Puerto Rico, and contested accounts, narratives, and futures in the Maldives and Pakistan, among other topics. By adopting a decolonial lens, this book provides rich empirical content, insightful comparisons, and novel conceptual interventions. It foregrounds climate justice from an intersectional perspective and contributes to the ongoing efforts by scholars and activists to address epistemic injustice in climate change research, policy and practice. It will appeal to undergraduate and graduate-level students, academics, activists, policymakers, and members of the public concerned with the impacts and inequalities of climate change in the Majority World. Neil J. W. Crawford is a Research Fellow in Climate Action and member of the Priestley International Centre for Climate, University of Leeds, UK. Their research focuses on forced migration and displacement, refugee rights, climate justice and the inequalities of climate change, gender and sexuality, and cities"-- Provided by publisher.

• Introduction
• "Open the Floodgates of Heaven": Amazonian Climate Change in Pre-Columbian Times
• The Milpa Cycle as a Sustainable Ecological Resource
• Confronting Climatic Instability in Coastal California Through the Lens of Archaeology and Historical Ecology
• Indigenous People Prevented Climate-Induced Ecological Change for Millennia: Evidence from the Prairie Peninsula and Fire-Loving Forests of Eastern North America
• Indigenous Land Use and Fire Resilience of Southwest USA Ponderosa Pine Forests
• Different Relational Models have Shaped the Biocultural Conservation over Time of Araucaria araucana Forests and Their People
• Ancient and Ongoing Land-Use as Climate Change Mitigation in Ts'msyen, Heiltsuk, and Wuikinuxv Homelands
• Clam Gardens Across Generations and Places Support Social-Ecological Resilience to Global Change
• Ancient Knowledge, Future Wisdom: Archaeological Perspectives of Caribbean Coastal Food and Habitat Security during Times of Climate Crises
• Whose Climate Change Is It? A Thousand-Year Example of Kali'na Responses to Shifting Coastal Landscapes in the Lower Maroni River
• Long-Term Ecological and Climate Changes through Amazonian Indigenous Oral Histories
• Owning Climate Change among the Makushi and Akawaio
• Postface.

"This book offers a comparative analysis of the experiences, responses, and adaptations of people to climate variability and environmental change across the Americas. It foregrounds historical ecology as a structural framework for understanding the climate change crisis throughout the region and throughout time. In recent years Indigenous and local populations in particular have experienced climate change effects such as altered weather patterns, seasonal irregularities, flooding and drought, and difficulties relating to subsistence practices. Understanding and dealing with these challenges has drawn on peoples' longstanding experience with climate variability and in some cases includes models of mitigation and responses that are millennia old. With contributions from specialists across the Americas, the volume will be of interest to scholars from fields including anthropology, archaeology, geography, environmental studies, and Indigenous studies"-- Provided by publisher.

• Introduction: Revealing cultural confluences
• Language, value, and branding in confluent dance spaces
• Critical engagement with aesthetic systems in dance
• Navigating cultural confluences and envisioning new spaces
• Choreography, improvisation, and "just steps"
• Cultural knowledge production in dance academia.

"Heritage, Memory and Identity in Postcolonial Board Games is a unique edited collection that explores the interplay of heritage, memory, identity and history within postcolonial board games and their surrounding paratexts. It also examines critiques of these games within the gamer communities and beyond. Drawing on a range of international contributions, examples and case studies, this book shows how colonialism-themed games work as representations of the past that are influenced by existing heritage narratives and discourses. It also considers the implications of using colonial histories in games and its impact on its audience, the games' players. Heritage, Memory and Identity in Postcolonial Board Games will be relevant to scholars and postgraduate students in the fields of game studies, game design or development, heritage studies, postcolonial criticism, media studies, and history. It will also be beneficial to practicing game developers"-- Provided by publisher.

• Proposing the posthuman gamer
• Who am "I"? : troubling the self
• From acting to intra-acting
• Enacting and embodying empathy
• Emergent subject positions
• From emergence to (susp)endings
• A contingent conclusion.

• Introduction : understanding xenophobia and nativism in the global South / Sabella Ogbobode Abidde, Michael R. Hall, and José de Arimatéia da Cruz
• Xenophobia and nativism in South Africa : exceptional phenomena or standard
• Africa-wide practices? / Ayabulela Dlakavu
• Colonial roots for contemporary xenophobic attitudes : Dominican hatred towards the Haitians / Antonio J. P Tortosa and Nairobi Rodríguez
• Citizenship, belonging and the "stupid federation" : the colonial roots of contemporary xenophobia and nativism in Malawi, Zambia, and Zimbabwe / Sitinga Kachipande
• Aliens and strangers in West Africa States : interrogating the 1969/1983 Ghana-Nigeria post-colonial immigrants crises / Yemisi Olawale
• Global perspective on xenophobia : the African Experience, 2015-2019 / Vincent Chenzi
• When xenophobes turn their faces on foreigners : whom to blame? the government or the natives / Anslem W. Adunimay and Tinuade A. Ojo
• Factors influencing xenophobic attacks recurrences and their implications on South Africa's foreign policy / Eric B. Niyitunga
• Haitian migration, the Bahamas, and the wider Caribbean / Anne Ulentin
• Migration and xenophobia in Southern Africa : assessing the benefits of social inclusion in South Africa and Zimbabwe / Darlington Mutanda and Enock Ndawana
• Xenophobia and nativism against Haitian immigrants in Brazil and Chile / Angela Ju
• Othering our neighbors : examples of nativism and xenophobia in Calypso / Alison McLetchie
• Caribbean xenophobia and nativism / Raymond Ramcharitar
• Conclusion : xenophobia and nativism in Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean / Sabella Ogbobode Abidde, Michael R. Hall, and José de Arimatéia da Cruz.

"This book historicises and analyses the increasing incidence of xenophobia and nativism in Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean. It examines how xenophobia and nativism impact the political cohesion and social fabric of states and societies in the regions and offers solutions to aid policy formation and implementation. Rather than utilising an overarching framework, individual theory is applied to chapters to analyse the diverse connections between xenophobia and nativism in the regions. The book explores the economic, nationalistic, political, social, cultural, and psychological triggers for xenophobia and nativism and their impact on an increasingly interconnected and interrelated world. In addition to the individual and comparative examination of these triggers, the book outlines how they can be decreased or altered and argues that Pan-Africanism and the unity of purpose among diverse groups in the western hemisphere is still an ideal to which Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean can aspire. This book will be of interest to academics in the field of African history, African Studies, Caribbean and Latin American studies, cultural anthropology and comparative sociology"-- Provided by publisher.

• Introduction
• ch. I. L'ethnie originelle des Mossi, Nawdba, Yowa et Tangba : de l'Afrique meridionale préhistorique aux antiques Éthiopie, Soudan et Égypte
• ch. II. L'ethnie originelle des Mossi, Nawdba, Yowa et Tangba, du Soudan oriental au Soudan occidental ou Afrique de l'Ouest (Nigeria, Niger, Burkina Faso, Bénin, Ghana, Togo)
• ch. III. Les Nawdba, de Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) à Niamtougou (Gnamrtougou), Baga (Baaga) et Siou (Soukou)
• ch. IV. Apports linguistiques à l'identification de l'ethnie originelle perdue des Mossi, Nawdba, Yowa et Tangba
• ch. V. Apports socio-culturels à l'identification de l'ethnie originelle perdue des Mossi, Nawdba, Yowa et Tangba
• ch. VI. Vestiges de l'administration traditionnelle et coloniale dans la gouvernance de l'ethnie originelle perdue des Mossi, Nawdba, Yowa et Tangba
• Conclusion.

"La recherche des origines de son ethnie, les Nawdba du Togo, a conduit l'auteur de cet ouvrage à la découverte d'autres groupes de même langue, de même culture et de même origine : une origine soudano-égyptienne. Disséminés en Afrique de l'Ouest, au Burkina Faso, au Bénin et au Ghana, Mossi, Nawdba, Yowa, Tangba et autres groupes non encore déterminés, sont issus, selon cet auteur, d'une même ethnie et sont originaires du Soudan Antique. Convaincu que l'histoire de chaque ethnie en Afrique dort dans la mémoire des prêtres animistes, des ethnomédecins et des notables initiés aux cultes ancestraux, cet ouvrage invite les africains 'à réveiller ces histoires' afin de 'connecter' l'Afrique d'aujourd'hui à celle d'hier."--Page 4 of cover.

• Chapter 1. The Bark as a Bioindicator of Atmospheric Contamination by Heavy Metals According to Vehicular Traffic Intensity in El Tambo, Huancayo, Peru
• Chapter 2. Nipa Sap (Nypa Fruitican) as Supplementary Feedstock for Bioethanol Production in the Philippines: The Pamplona Experience
• Chapter 3. Optimization of Fuel Cell Power Systems using Biogas from Palm Oil Mill Plant
• Chapter 4. Identification of Community-Level Sustainability Indicators: A Climate Change and Risk Management Perspective
• Chapter 5. Study of extreme precipitations in corn culture in Chupaca, Junn - Per 2009 2019
• Chapter 6. Spatiotemporal Mapping of Agroforestry Degradation of Five Districts of Uttarakhand, India with Spectral Indices
• Chapter 7. Wood as a Catalyst for Construction and Architecture that facilitates the creation of sustainable and resilient communities. The case of the Palafitos de Chilo, Chile
• Chapter 8. Identifying the most significant factors affecting urban housing sustainability and their scales/sectors of influence: a systematic review of the recent literature
• Chapter 9. Academic Study of Tourists Pro-Environmental Behaviour: A Literature Review
• Chapter 10. Green Building Design as a mechanism to strengthen resilient and sustainable communities. The case of the churches and the palafitos, Chilo Chile
• Chapter 11. Analysis of the Vicugna pacos (alpaca) wool fiber in the properties of concrete
• Chapter 12. Assessment of Bridge Damage Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process
• Chapter 13. Hill-Patch system as a strategic management model to activate and conserve urban axes: The case of the San Bernardo Green Corridor, Santiago, Chile.

This proceedings volume presents the selected papers from the 2022 8th International Conference on Advances in Environment Research (ICAER 2022), held as an online event from April 22-24. The papers presented at the meeting and published here cover issues of environmental sustainability from both ecological and socioeconomic perspectives, including but not limited to cutting-edge topics such as biogas, green building design, climate change, and sustainable forest management. This book aims to educate readers on how sustainability research can help society understand and combat our most pressing environmental challenges. The proceedings will be helpful for graduate students, researchers, environmental planners, and industry professionals interested in understanding the utility of environmental sustainability research for improving our lives and sustaining our planet.

• Geoethics to face natural risks by improving societal resilience
• Multi-hazards risk assessment at the Canary Islands
• Risk-informed decision-making on volcanic hazards
• Geoethics: the missing piece in the separation of responsibility between volcanologists and decision-makers
• Earthquakes, volcanoes and God: changing perspectives on the importance of religion as an important influence in cultural responses
• Toward a multi-hazard assessment at Etna volcano (Italy): the PANACEA project
• From multi-hazard to multi-risk at Mount Etna: approaches and strategies of the PANACEA project
• The Role of the individual in successful disaster management in pre-industrial societies: the cases of the Southern Italy and the Azores
• Historical volcanism as a source of knowledge to assess the vulnerability of population settlements in the Azores: some thoughts
• A proposal for systematization of vulnerability elements and parameters in volcanic risk assessment.

This book comprises the selected proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Natural Hazards (NATHAZ22), Angra do Herosmo, Terceira Island, Azores, 2022. The book interests all researchers and practitioners in Earth Sciences, Volcanic Risks, Natural Hazards, Geoethics, Environmental Sciences and Engineering. Terceira is a volcanic island with volcanic systems with caldera (Cinco Picos, Guilherme Moniz, Santa Brbara and Pico Alto central volcanoes) and an active fissural zone defined by various alignments of small volcanic cones, lava domes and fault zones. The agricultural landscape, the natural and forest reserve, as well as the natural pools make the island a unique place to visit. The historic downtown of Angra do Herosmo is a UNESCO world heritage, and several iconic buildings witness the islands geodynamic history. Natural hazards result from a threat of a naturally occurring event that will have a negative effect on humans. That damaging effect is often called natural disasters. Among the natural hazards and potential disasters to be considered are: earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, subsidence, floods, droughts and coastal erosion. In addition, anthropogenic hazards occur as a result of human interaction with the environment. They comprise technological risks due to exposure to hazardous substances in the environment. Natural systems in different frameworks require a comprehensive understanding of climatology, geology, hydrology and volcanic data, processes and dynamics. Thus, it is important to perform hazard and risk assessment studies to accomplish hazard mitigation. In addition, it highlighted the role of variability and climate change in Earth systems. Furthermore, an accurate understanding of the natural systems and interactions with engineering, geodiversity and natural resources is vital to the entire socioeconomic sector. This book is expected to offer an overview of natural hazards in model regions in Europe, America, Asia and the Atlantic islands. It gives new insights into the characterization, assessment, protection, and modelling of geological hazards, volcanic systems, urban areas, coastal zones and engineering approaches by international researchers and professionals. The scientific committee comprises lead geoscientists, natural hazards related practitioners, and academics worldwide. The main topics include: 1. Multi-hazards and risks: sustainable society, disasters and geoethics 2. Natural hazards and assessment: rock falls, landslides, urban planning and management 3. Sustainable Earth systems: hazards and climate change 4. Terceira Island geology and geodiversity: meeting volcanological hazards in the Azores.

• QE Theory and Methodology Research
• The Foundations and Fundamentals of Quantitative Ethnography
• LSTM Neural Network Assisted Regex Development for Qualitative Coding
• Does Active Learning Reduce Human Coding?: A Systematic Comparison of Neural Network with nCoder
• Reducing networks of ethnographic codes co-occurrence in anthropology
• Multiclass Rotations in Epistemic Network Analysis
• Is QE Just ENA?
• The Role of Data Simulation in Quantitative Ethnography
• Ordered Network Analysis
• Creating and Discussing Discourse Networks with Research Participants: What Can we Learn?
• Modeling Collaborative Discourse with ENA using a Probabilistic Function
• Segmentation and Code Co-occurrence Accumulation: Operationalizing Relational Context with Stanza Windows
• Parsing the Continuum: Manual Segmentation of Monologic Data
• Applications in Education Contexts
• An Examination of Student Loan Borrowers' Attitudes toward Debt before and during COVID-19
• Learning through feedback: Understanding early-career teachers' learning using online video platforms
• How Can We Co-Design Learning Analytics for Game-Based Assessment: ENA Analysis
• Automated Code Extraction from Discussion Board Text Dataset
• Mathematics Teachers' Knowledge for Teaching Proportion: Using Two Frameworks to Understand Knowledge in Action
• Self-Regulation in Foreign Language Students' Collaborative Discourse for Academic Writing: An Explorative Case Study on Epistemic Network Analysis
• Community At a Distance: Understanding Student Interactions in Course-Based Online Discussion Forums
• Modeling Students' Performances in Physics Assessment Tasks Using Epistemic Network Analysis
• Computational thinking in educational policy - the relationship between goals and practices
• Understanding Detectors for SMART Model Cognitive Operation in Mathematical Problem-Solving Process: An Epistemic Network Analysis
• Applications in Interdisciplinary Contexts
• Change the Museum: Examining social media posts on museum workplace experiences to support justice, equity, diversity and inclusion (JEDI) efforts
• Ukraine War Diaries: Examining lived experiences in Kyiv during the 2022 Russian invasion
• Political Discourse Modeling with Epistemic Network Analysis and Quantitative Ethnography: Rationale and Examples
• What makes a good answer? Analyzing the Content Structure of Stack Overflow Answers
• Analyzing the Co-design Process by Engineers and Product Designers from Perspectives of Knowledge Building
• Leveraging Epistemic Network Analysis to Discern the Development of Shared Understanding between Physicians and Nurses
• Quantitative Ethnography of Policy Ecosystems: A Case Study on Climate Change Adaptation Planning.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Advances in Quantitative Ethnography, ICQE 2022, held in Copenhagen, Denmark, during October 15-19, 2022. The 29 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 71 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: QE Theory and Methodology Research; Applications in Education Contexts; and Applications in Interdisciplinary Contexts.

• Intro
• Advances in Remote Sensing Technology and the Three Poles
• Contents
• About the Editors
• Notes on Contributors
• Foreword
• Preface
• List of Acronyms
• Section I Earth Observation (EO) and Remote Sensing (RS) Applications in Polar Studies
• 1 The Three Poles: Advances in Remote Sensing in Relation to Spheres of the Planet Earth
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.1.1 Earth as a System and Components of the Earth System
• 1.1.2 Role of the "Three Poles" and the Three Poles Regions in the Earth System
• 1.1.2.1 Defining the Three Poles, Three Poles Regions, and Their Geographical Extent
• 1.1.2.2 Interaction Among Components of the Earth System and Role of the Three Poles
• 1.1.3 Advancement of RS Technologies in Relation to Their Application in the Three Poles Regions
• 1.1.3.1 Remote Sensing Technology Advancements
• 1.1.3.2 Role of Remote Sensing (RS) in Mapping/Monitoring/Quantitative Analysis of Sub-Systems of Our Planet in the Three Poles Regions
• 1.2 Aim of the Book and Its Five Sections
• 1.3 Overview of the Contributing Chapters Covering Research About Different Aspects of the Sub-Systems of Our Planet in the Three Poles Regions
• 1.4 Summary and Recommendations
• References
• 2 Continuous Satellite Missions, Data Availability, and Nature of Future Satellite Missions with Implications to Polar Regions
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.1.1 Types of Orbit
• 2.1.1.1 High Earth Orbit (HEO)
• 2.1.1.2 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO)
• 2.1.1.3 Semi-Synchronous Orbit
• 2.1.1.4 Molniya Orbit
• 2.1.1.5 Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
• 2.1.1.6 Polar Orbit and Sun-Synchronous Orbit
• 2.1.1.7 Lagrange's Point
• 2.2 Satellite Missions and Data Availability
• 2.3 Future Satellite Missions
• 2.4 Applicability of Satellite Products in Three Poles Regions
• 2.5 Challenges and Limitations
• 2.6 Summary
• Acknowledgments
• References

• 3 Assessing the Accuracy of Digital Elevation Models for Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalayas
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Study Area
• 3.3 Materials and Methods
• 3.3.1 Generation of Cartosat-1 DEM and Orthoimage
• 3.3.2 TanDEM-X
• 3.3.3 ALOS PALSAR
• 3.3.4 DGPS Survey for Obtaining Ground Control Points (GCPs)
• 3.3.5 Datum Transformation
• 3.3.6 Accuracy Assessment Methods
• 3.3.6.1 Vertical Accuracy
• 3.3.6.2 Spatial Accuracy
• 3.4 Results and Discussion
• 3.4.1 Vertical Accuracy Assessment: Comparison of DEMs With Reference to GCPs
• 3.4.2 Vertical Accuracy of DEMs for Different Land Use Classes
• 3.4.2.1 Dense Forest
• 3.4.2.2 Open Forest
• 3.4.2.3 Tea Garden
• 3.4.2.4 Built-up Area
• 3.4.3 Spatial Accuracy Assessment: Comparison of DEMs With Reference to Stream Networks
• 3.5 Conclusions
• Acknowledgments
• References
• 4 An Overview of Morphometry Software Packages, Tools, and Add-ons
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Overview of Morphometry Tools and Toolboxes
• 4.3 Stand-Alone Tools
• 4.4 Tools that Run within Coding Bases
• 4.5 Conclusion
• References
• 5 Landscape Modeling, Glacier and Ice Sheet Dynamics, and the Three Poles: A Review of Models, Softwares, and Tools
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Taxonomy
• 5.2.1 Geomorphic Process-Based Models
• 5.2.2 Classification Based on Process of Modeling
• 5.2.2.1 Based on Geomorphic Processes
• 5.2.2.2 Based on Modeling Process
• 5.3 Working Principles for Geomorphological Models
• 5.3.1 Soil Production
• 5.3.2 Hillslope Transport
• 5.3.3 Land Sliding
• 5.3.4 Fluvial Incision and Transport
• 5.3.5 Glacial Erosion
• 5.4 Landscape Evolution Models
• 5.4.1 DEM-Based Models
• 5.4.2 SIBERIA
• 5.4.3 GOLEM
• 5.4.4 CASCADE
• 5.4.5 ZScape
• 5.4.6 CHILD
• 5.4.7 CAESAR
• 5.4.8 APERO
• 5.4.9 SIGNUM (Simple Integrated Geomorphological Numerical Model)

• 5.4.10 TTLEM (TopoToolbox Landscape Evolution Model) 1.0
• 5.5 Other Models
• 5.5.1 DELIM
• 5.5.2 EROS
• 5.5.3 Landscape Evolution Model Using Global Search
• 5.5.4 eSCAPE
• 5.5.5 r.sim.terrain 1.0
• 5.6 Combined/Application-Specific Models
• 5.7 Machine Learning Models
• 5.8 LEMs Developed for Glaciated Landscapes
• 5.9 Some Significant Glacier Evolution Models
• 5.10 Models Developed for Alpine Regions
• 5.11 Models Developed for the Arctic Regio
• 5.12 Models Developed for the Antarctic Region
• 5.13 Conclusion and Future Prospects
• Acknowledgment
• Declaration of Competing Interest
• References
• 6 Spectral Indices Across Remote Sensing Platforms and Sensors Relating to the Three Poles: An Overview of Applications, Challenges, and Future Prospects
• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 Database and Methodology
• 6.3 Rationale of Different Spectral Indices Across RS Sensors and Platforms
• 6.4 RS Sensors and Platforms: Characteristics (Spatial, Temporal, Spectral, and Radiometric Resolutions)
• 6.5 Most Widely and Popularly Used Spectral Indices
• 6.5.1 Spectral Indices and Lithosphere
• 6.5.2 Spectral Indices and Hydrosphere
• 6.5.3 Spectral Indices and Atmosphere
• 6.5.4 Spectral Indices and Biosphere
• 6.5.5 Spectral Indices and Anthroposphere
• 6.6 Thematic Evolution and Trends
• 6.6.1 Thematic and Network Maps
• 6.7 Summary and Recommendations
• Acknowledgments
• References
• Section II Antarctica: The Southernmost Continent Having the South Pole Environment and Remote Sensing
• 7 Glacier Dynamics in East Antarctica: A Remote Sensing Perspective
• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Satellite Remote Sensing of Glacier Dynamics in East Antarctica
• 7.3 Glacier Velocity Estimation Using Remote Sensing
• 7.3.1 Glacier Velocity Estimation Using SAR Interferometry
• 7.3.2 Glacier Velocity Estimation Using Offset Tracking

• 7.4 Remote Sensing Based Dynamics of PRG: A Case Study
• 7.4.1 Data and Methods
• 7.4.2 Results and Discussion
• 7.4.2.1 Ice Front Location
• 7.4.2.2 Glacier Velocity Over the Period of 2016-2019
• 7.4.3 Summary and Conclusion
• References
• 8 Terrestrial Deglaciation Signatures in East Antarctica
• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 Geomorphology
• 8.2.1 East Antarctica
• 8.3 Landform Variation Concerning Various Sectors and Elevation
• 8.3.1 Dronning Maud Land
• 8.3.2 Enderby Land
• 8.3.3 Mac. Robertson Land, Amery Ice Shelf, and Prince Elizabeth Land
• 8.3.4 Wilkes Land
• 8.4 Chronology
• 8.4.1 Dronning Maud Land
• 8.4.2 Enderby Land
• 8.4.3 Mac. Robertson Land, Amery Ice Shelf 's and Princess Elizabeth Land
• 8.4.4 Wilkes Land
• 8.5 Discussion
• 8.6 Conclusion
• Acknowledgments
• References
• 9 Geospatial Tools for Monitoring Vertebrate Populations in Antarctica With a Note on the Ecological Component of the Indian Antarctic Program
• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 Novel Geospatial Tools for Biodiversity Monitoring in Antarctica
• 9.2.1 Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
• 9.2.2 Satellite Imagery
• 9.3 Spatial Mapping of Seabirds Under the Indian Antarctic Program
• 9.4 Recommendations to Incorporate New Tools for Antarctic Wildlife Monitoring Program
• 9.5 Conclusion
• Acknowledgments
• References
• 10 Bryophytes of Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica and Future Prospects
• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.2 Study Area
• 10.3 Materials and Methods
• 10.4 Taxonomic Treatment
• 10.5 Phytosociological Studies
• 10.6 Results and Discussion
• 10.7 Future Prospects
• Acknowledgments
• References
• 11 Antarctic Sea Ice Variability and Trends Over the Last Four Decades
• 11.1 Introduction
• 11.2 Datasets and Methods
• 11.2.1 Sea Ice Extent Analysis
• 11.2.2 Analysis of Physical Parameters
• 11.3 Results and Discussion

• 11.3.1 Sea Ice Variability in the Southern Ocean
• 11.3.2 Sea Ice Distribution With Respect to Ocean-Atmospheric Temperature
• 11.4 Summary and Conclusions
• Acknowledgments
• References
• Section III Himalayas: The Third Pole Environment and Remote Sensing
• 12 Some Unresolved Problems in the Himalaya: A Synoptic View
• 12.1 Introduction
• 12.2 Stratigraphic Ages, Basin Configuration, and Palaeontology
• 12.3 Sedimentology
• 12.4 Tectonics and Structure
• 12.5 Magmatism and Geochronology
• 12.6 Metamorphism
• 12.7 Mineral Deposits
• 12.8 Palaeomagnetic Studies
• 12.9 Glaciological Studies
• 12.10 Geomorphological Studies
• 12.11 Conclusion
• Acknowledgments
• References
• 13 Fluctuations of Kolahoi Glacier, Kashmir Valley, Its Assessment With Tree-Rings of Pinus wallichiana and Comparable Satellite Imageries and Field Survey Records
• 13.1 Introduction
• 13.2 Tree-Ring Sampling Site and Data Acquisition
• 13.3 Tree-Ring Chronology and Its Assessments
• 13.4 Fluctuations of Kolahoi Glacier: Existing Records and Its Assessment With Tree-Rings
• 13.5 Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• References
• 14 Applications of ICESat-2 Photon Data in the Third Pole Environment
• 14.1 Introduction
• 14.2 Brief Background About NASA's ICESat-2 Mission
• 14.3 Terrain Profiling From ICESat-2 Photon Elevations Over a Mountainous Region
• 14.4 Longitudinal Profiling of Rivers in a Mountainous Region
• 14.5 Inland Water Level Detection in Mountainous Regions Using ICESat-2 Photon Data
• 14.6 Inferring Annual Variations of Water Levels in Mountain Lakes Using ICESat-2's ATL13 Data Product
• 14.7 Inferring Lake Ice Phenology in Mountainous Regions Using ICESat-2 Photon Data
• 14.8 Estimating Tree Heights in Mountain Regions Using ICESat-2 Photon Data
• 14.9 Utilization of ICESat-2 Photon Data to Generate Digital Elevation Models

Covers recent advances in remote sensing technology applied to the "Three Poles", a concept encompassing the Arctic, Antarctica, and the Himalayas. Advances in Remote Sensing Technology and the Three Poles is a multidisciplinary approach studying the lithosphere, hydrosphere (encompassing both limnosphere, and oceanosphere), atmosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere, of the Arctic, the Antarctic and the Himalayas. The drastic effects of climate change on polar environments bring to the fore the often subtle links between climate change and processes in the hydrosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere, while unanswered questions of the polar regions will help plan and formulate future research projects. Sample topics covered in the work include: Terrestrial net primary production of the Arctic and modeling of Arctic landform evolution Glaciers and glacial environments, including a geological, geophysical, and geospatial survey of Himalayan glaciers Sea ice dynamics in the Antarctic region under a changing climate, the Quaternary geology and geomorphology of Antarctica Continuous satellite missions, data availability, and the nature of future satellite missions, including scientific data sharing policies in different countries Software, tools, models, and remote sensing technology for investigating polar and other environments

• Intro
• Advances in Remote Sensing Technology and the Three Poles
• Contents
• About the Editors
• Notes on Contributors
• Foreword
• Preface
• List of Acronyms
• Section I Earth Observation (EO) and Remote Sensing (RS) Applications in Polar Studies
• 1 The Three Poles: Advances in Remote Sensing in Relation to Spheres of the Planet Earth
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.1.1 Earth as a System and Components of the Earth System
• 1.1.2 Role of the "Three Poles" and the Three Poles Regions in the Earth System
• 1.1.2.1 Defining the Three Poles, Three Poles Regions, and Their Geographical Extent
• 1.1.2.2 Interaction Among Components of the Earth System and Role of the Three Poles
• 1.1.3 Advancement of RS Technologies in Relation to Their Application in the Three Poles Regions
• 1.1.3.1 Remote Sensing Technology Advancements
• 1.1.3.2 Role of Remote Sensing (RS) in Mapping/Monitoring/Quantitative Analysis of Sub-Systems of Our Planet in the Three Poles Regions
• 1.2 Aim of the Book and Its Five Sections
• 1.3 Overview of the Contributing Chapters Covering Research About Different Aspects of the Sub-Systems of Our Planet in the Three Poles Regions
• 1.4 Summary and Recommendations
• References
• 2 Continuous Satellite Missions, Data Availability, and Nature of Future Satellite Missions with Implications to Polar Regions
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.1.1 Types of Orbit
• 2.1.1.1 High Earth Orbit (HEO)
• 2.1.1.2 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO)
• 2.1.1.3 Semi-Synchronous Orbit
• 2.1.1.4 Molniya Orbit
• 2.1.1.5 Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
• 2.1.1.6 Polar Orbit and Sun-Synchronous Orbit
• 2.1.1.7 Lagrange's Point
• 2.2 Satellite Missions and Data Availability
• 2.3 Future Satellite Missions
• 2.4 Applicability of Satellite Products in Three Poles Regions
• 2.5 Challenges and Limitations
• 2.6 Summary
• Acknowledgments
• References.

• 3 Assessing the Accuracy of Digital Elevation Models for Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalayas
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Study Area
• 3.3 Materials and Methods
• 3.3.1 Generation of Cartosat-1 DEM and Orthoimage
• 3.3.2 TanDEM-X
• 3.3.3 ALOS PALSAR
• 3.3.4 DGPS Survey for Obtaining Ground Control Points (GCPs)
• 3.3.5 Datum Transformation
• 3.3.6 Accuracy Assessment Methods
• 3.3.6.1 Vertical Accuracy
• 3.3.6.2 Spatial Accuracy
• 3.4 Results and Discussion
• 3.4.1 Vertical Accuracy Assessment: Comparison of DEMs With Reference to GCPs
• 3.4.2 Vertical Accuracy of DEMs for Different Land Use Classes
• 3.4.2.1 Dense Forest
• 3.4.2.2 Open Forest
• 3.4.2.3 Tea Garden
• 3.4.2.4 Built-up Area
• 3.4.3 Spatial Accuracy Assessment: Comparison of DEMs With Reference to Stream Networks
• 3.5 Conclusions
• Acknowledgments
• References
• 4 An Overview of Morphometry Software Packages, Tools, and Add-ons
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Overview of Morphometry Tools and Toolboxes
• 4.3 Stand-Alone Tools
• 4.4 Tools that Run within Coding Bases
• 4.5 Conclusion
• References
• 5 Landscape Modeling, Glacier and Ice Sheet Dynamics, and the Three Poles: A Review of Models, Softwares, and Tools
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Taxonomy
• 5.2.1 Geomorphic Process-Based Models
• 5.2.2 Classification Based on Process of Modeling
• 5.2.2.1 Based on Geomorphic Processes
• 5.2.2.2 Based on Modeling Process
• 5.3 Working Principles for Geomorphological Models
• 5.3.1 Soil Production
• 5.3.2 Hillslope Transport
• 5.3.3 Land Sliding
• 5.3.4 Fluvial Incision and Transport
• 5.3.5 Glacial Erosion
• 5.4 Landscape Evolution Models
• 5.4.1 DEM-Based Models
• 5.4.2 SIBERIA
• 5.4.3 GOLEM
• 5.4.4 CASCADE
• 5.4.5 ZScape
• 5.4.6 CHILD
• 5.4.7 CAESAR
• 5.4.8 APERO
• 5.4.9 SIGNUM (Simple Integrated Geomorphological Numerical Model).

• 5.4.10 TTLEM (TopoToolbox Landscape Evolution Model) 1.0
• 5.5 Other Models
• 5.5.1 DELIM
• 5.5.2 EROS
• 5.5.3 Landscape Evolution Model Using Global Search
• 5.5.4 eSCAPE
• 5.5.5 r.sim.terrain 1.0
• 5.6 Combined/Application-Specific Models
• 5.7 Machine Learning Models
• 5.8 LEMs Developed for Glaciated Landscapes
• 5.9 Some Significant Glacier Evolution Models
• 5.10 Models Developed for Alpine Regions
• 5.11 Models Developed for the Arctic Regio
• 5.12 Models Developed for the Antarctic Region
• 5.13 Conclusion and Future Prospects
• Acknowledgment
• Declaration of Competing Interest
• References
• 6 Spectral Indices Across Remote Sensing Platforms and Sensors Relating to the Three Poles: An Overview of Applications, Challenges, and Future Prospects
• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 Database and Methodology
• 6.3 Rationale of Different Spectral Indices Across RS Sensors and Platforms
• 6.4 RS Sensors and Platforms: Characteristics (Spatial, Temporal, Spectral, and Radiometric Resolutions)
• 6.5 Most Widely and Popularly Used Spectral Indices
• 6.5.1 Spectral Indices and Lithosphere
• 6.5.2 Spectral Indices and Hydrosphere
• 6.5.3 Spectral Indices and Atmosphere
• 6.5.4 Spectral Indices and Biosphere
• 6.5.5 Spectral Indices and Anthroposphere
• 6.6 Thematic Evolution and Trends
• 6.6.1 Thematic and Network Maps
• 6.7 Summary and Recommendations
• Acknowledgments
• References
• Section II Antarctica: The Southernmost Continent Having the South Pole Environment and Remote Sensing
• 7 Glacier Dynamics in East Antarctica: A Remote Sensing Perspective
• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Satellite Remote Sensing of Glacier Dynamics in East Antarctica
• 7.3 Glacier Velocity Estimation Using Remote Sensing
• 7.3.1 Glacier Velocity Estimation Using SAR Interferometry
• 7.3.2 Glacier Velocity Estimation Using Offset Tracking.

• 7.4 Remote Sensing Based Dynamics of PRG: A Case Study
• 7.4.1 Data and Methods
• 7.4.2 Results and Discussion
• 7.4.2.1 Ice Front Location
• 7.4.2.2 Glacier Velocity Over the Period of 2016-2019
• 7.4.3 Summary and Conclusion
• References
• 8 Terrestrial Deglaciation Signatures in East Antarctica
• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 Geomorphology
• 8.2.1 East Antarctica
• 8.3 Landform Variation Concerning Various Sectors and Elevation
• 8.3.1 Dronning Maud Land
• 8.3.2 Enderby Land
• 8.3.3 Mac. Robertson Land, Amery Ice Shelf, and Prince Elizabeth Land
• 8.3.4 Wilkes Land
• 8.4 Chronology
• 8.4.1 Dronning Maud Land
• 8.4.2 Enderby Land
• 8.4.3 Mac. Robertson Land, Amery Ice Shelf 's and Princess Elizabeth Land
• 8.4.4 Wilkes Land
• 8.5 Discussion
• 8.6 Conclusion
• Acknowledgments
• References
• 9 Geospatial Tools for Monitoring Vertebrate Populations in Antarctica With a Note on the Ecological Component of the Indian Antarctic Program
• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 Novel Geospatial Tools for Biodiversity Monitoring in Antarctica
• 9.2.1 Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
• 9.2.2 Satellite Imagery
• 9.3 Spatial Mapping of Seabirds Under the Indian Antarctic Program
• 9.4 Recommendations to Incorporate New Tools for Antarctic Wildlife Monitoring Program
• 9.5 Conclusion
• Acknowledgments
• References
• 10 Bryophytes of Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica and Future Prospects
• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.2 Study Area
• 10.3 Materials and Methods
• 10.4 Taxonomic Treatment
• 10.5 Phytosociological Studies
• 10.6 Results and Discussion
• 10.7 Future Prospects
• Acknowledgments
• References
• 11 Antarctic Sea Ice Variability and Trends Over the Last Four Decades
• 11.1 Introduction
• 11.2 Datasets and Methods
• 11.2.1 Sea Ice Extent Analysis
• 11.2.2 Analysis of Physical Parameters
• 11.3 Results and Discussion.

• 11.3.1 Sea Ice Variability in the Southern Ocean
• 11.3.2 Sea Ice Distribution With Respect to Ocean-Atmospheric Temperature
• 11.4 Summary and Conclusions
• Acknowledgments
• References
• Section III Himalayas: The Third Pole Environment and Remote Sensing
• 12 Some Unresolved Problems in the Himalaya: A Synoptic View
• 12.1 Introduction
• 12.2 Stratigraphic Ages, Basin Configuration, and Palaeontology
• 12.3 Sedimentology
• 12.4 Tectonics and Structure
• 12.5 Magmatism and Geochronology
• 12.6 Metamorphism
• 12.7 Mineral Deposits
• 12.8 Palaeomagnetic Studies
• 12.9 Glaciological Studies
• 12.10 Geomorphological Studies
• 12.11 Conclusion
• Acknowledgments
• References
• 13 Fluctuations of Kolahoi Glacier, Kashmir Valley, Its Assessment With Tree-Rings of Pinus wallichiana and Comparable Satellite Imageries and Field Survey Records
• 13.1 Introduction
• 13.2 Tree-Ring Sampling Site and Data Acquisition
• 13.3 Tree-Ring Chronology and Its Assessments
• 13.4 Fluctuations of Kolahoi Glacier: Existing Records and Its Assessment With Tree-Rings
• 13.5 Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• References
• 14 Applications of ICESat-2 Photon Data in the Third Pole Environment
• 14.1 Introduction
• 14.2 Brief Background About NASA's ICESat-2 Mission
• 14.3 Terrain Profiling From ICESat-2 Photon Elevations Over a Mountainous Region
• 14.4 Longitudinal Profiling of Rivers in a Mountainous Region
• 14.5 Inland Water Level Detection in Mountainous Regions Using ICESat-2 Photon Data
• 14.6 Inferring Annual Variations of Water Levels in Mountain Lakes Using ICESat-2's ATL13 Data Product
• 14.7 Inferring Lake Ice Phenology in Mountainous Regions Using ICESat-2 Photon Data
• 14.8 Estimating Tree Heights in Mountain Regions Using ICESat-2 Photon Data
• 14.9 Utilization of ICESat-2 Photon Data to Generate Digital Elevation Models.

Covers recent advances in remote sensing technology applied to the "Three Poles", a concept encompassing the Arctic, Antarctica, and the Himalayas. Advances in Remote Sensing Technology and the Three Poles is a multidisciplinary approach studying the lithosphere, hydrosphere (encompassing both limnosphere, and oceanosphere), atmosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere, of the Arctic, the Antarctic and the Himalayas. The drastic effects of climate change on polar environments bring to the fore the often subtle links between climate change and processes in the hydrosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere, while unanswered questions of the polar regions will help plan and formulate future research projects. Sample topics covered in the work include: Terrestrial net primary production of the Arctic and modeling of Arctic landform evolution Glaciers and glacial environments, including a geological, geophysical, and geospatial survey of Himalayan glaciers Sea ice dynamics in the Antarctic region under a changing climate, the Quaternary geology and geomorphology of Antarctica Continuous satellite missions, data availability, and the nature of future satellite missions, including scientific data sharing policies in different countries Software, tools, models, and remote sensing technology for investigating polar and other environments.

• Professional Skills Developed in a E@D Practicum
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• The Importance of the Family in Early Intervention Practices Using ICT
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This book features a collection of high-quality research papers presented at the International Conference on Tourism, Technology and Systems (ICOTTS 2022), held at University of Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile, from 3 to 5 November 2022. The book is divided into two volumes, and it covers the areas of technology in tourism and the tourist experience, generations and technology in tourism, digital marketing applied to tourism and travel, mobile technologies applied to sustainable tourism, information technologies in tourism, digital transformation of tourism business, e-tourism and tourism 2.0, big data and management for travel and tourism, geotagging and tourist mobility, smart destinations, robotics in tourism, and information systems and technologies