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"This book examines a variety of arguments that might be thought to support skepticism about the existence of morality, and it explains how these arguments can be answered by those who believe in objective moral truths. The focus throughout is on discussing questions that frequently trouble thoughtful and reflective individuals, including questions like the following: Does the prevalence of moral disagreement make it reasonable to conclude that there aren't really any moral facts at all? Is morality simply relative to particular societies and times? What could objective moral facts possibly be like? If there were moral facts, how could we ever come to know anything about them? Shouldn't belief in the theory of evolution undermine our confidence that our moral intuitions reliably reveal moral truths? Would moral facts ever actually explain anything at all? Can morality really have the motivating and rational force we normally take it to have? How can one possibly find a place for objective moral values in a scientific worldview? The book explores plausible answers to questions like these and it thus aims to show why the belief in objective morality remains an intellectually reasonable one"-- Provided by publisher.

"This volume presents new research on the use of experimental methodologies in moral and social philosophy. The contributions reflect the growing plurality of methodologies and strategies for implementing experimental work on morality to new domains, problems, and topics. Philosophers are exploring the ways in which empirical approaches can transform our idea of the good, our understanding of the social nature of norms and morality, as well as our methods of fulfilling ethical goals. The chapters in this volume extend experimental work on morality to previously underexplored areas. The contributions in Part 1 explore the methods and foundations of experimental work in areas such as folk moral judgments, metaethical beliefs, moral explanations, and reflective equilibrium. Part 2 focuses on issues in normative ethics, legal, and political philosophy such as virtue ethics, utilitarianism, theories of justice, and criminal responsibility. Finally, the chapters in Part 3 tackle various applied ethical issues including feminist X-Phi, animal welfare, experimental bioethics, and self-driving cars. Experiments in Moral and Political Philosophy will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working in ethics, applied ethics, experimental philosophy, social and political philosophy, and philosophy of law"-- Provided by publisher.

• Preface : one very small candle
• Introduction : what is moral courage?
• Part I. Moral courage as concept. Moral courage : what we know and what we need to know; Stories of moral courage : data and research methodology
• Part II. Understanding moral courage. "We're going to do what's right, we may papy a price for it, but that's fine" : Steve Zimmer on protecting undocumented students; "No one, not even the president, is above the law" : Erwin Chemerinsky on suing President Trump; "If we organize, we can change the world" : Heather Booth on social activism; "I am going to do this. I am going to do this to the end" : Kay Monroe on caring for the elderly; "The courage you have ... It's not something you consciously think about" : Amal on anti-Muslim bullying; "It would be a violation fo the public trust to not do all I could to stop the wrongdoing" : Loretta Lynch on speaking truth to power during the Enron crisis; "Nothing else...would enable me to look in the mirror the next day" : Vikram Tej on fighting caste in India
• Part III. A richly faceted moral courage. When nobody's watching
• Conclusion : learning from the lives of others.

"This is a book about moral choice and courage. It is not, however, an abstract work of moral philosophy or psychology. Rather it is an exploration of the choices made by real individuals faced by moral quandaries. Monroe and her students interviewed people who faced moral dilemmas to see what motivated them to make difficult moral choices. These ranged from public officials dealing with issues of honesty and equity in public policy, to individuals facing private difficulties as well as people who choose to focus their lives helping those in need. What explains a courageous choice? Monroe argues that moral courage comes from one's understanding of their identity. As she found in her previous work on rescuers of Jews during the holocaust, the people she interviews in this book felt that they had no choice but to take a courageous stand. Monroe explores how this identity develops through the life stories of these individuals"-- Provided by publisher.

• Hypocritical blame
• Complications and defeaters of standing
• What, if anything, makes hypocritical blame morally wrong?
• Other ways of not having standing to blame
• Praising
• Forgiving
• Morality, normativity, and standing.

• Intro
• Halftitle page
• Title page
• Copyright page
• Dedication page
• Contents
• Preface
• 1. The Value of Trust
• 1.1 Instrumental Value
• 1.2 Interpersonal Value
• 1.3 Dilemmas of Trust
• 1.4 Cognitivism about Trust
• 1.5 Non-Cognitivism about Trust
• 1.6 The Pluralist Challenge
• 1.7 Axiology First
• 1.8 Is this Conceptual Engineering?
• 2. Trust and Evidence
• 2.1 The Evidentialist Constraint
• 2.2 When Trust Follows the Evidence
• 2.3 Evidence-constrained Trust and Practical Reasoning
• 2.4 Evidence for Trustworthiness
• 2.5 Is Antarctic Resupply Robust?

• 2.6 Is Trust Compatible with Gathering Evidence?
• 3. The Virtue of Trustworthiness
• 3.1 Trustworthiness as Encapsulated Interest
• 3.2 Reputation Depends on Patterns of Normative Judgment
• 3.3 Trustworthiness is a Virtue
• 3.4 Is the Virtue of Trustworthiness Feasible?
• 3.5 The Virtue of Trustworthiness Helps Trust to Spread
• 3.6 Learning about the Virtue of Trustworthiness from Testimony
• 3.7 Learning about the Virtue of Trustworthiness from Institutional Membership
• 3.8 How Explanatory is the Virtue of Trustworthiness?
• 4. Assurance and Trust
• 4.1 The Problem of Disharmony

• 4.2 Delimiting the Reasons for Trust
• 4.3 Following all the Evidence
• 4.4 Two Systems
• 5. Trust is Normal
• 5.1 Second-Personal Attitudes and Norms of Trustworthiness
• 5.2 Trusting a Speaker is Normal
• 5.3 Developing the Account
• 5.4 Trust Normally Follows the Evidence
• 5.5 Evidence-following Trust Realises Interpersonal Value
• 6. Cultures of Trust
• 6.1 Ideational Content Required for a Culture of Trust
• 6.2 Ideational Legitimacy Required for a Culture of Trust
• 6.3 Proleptic Effects of a Norm of Trustworthiness
• 6.4 Egoism as a Solvent of Trust
• 7. Trust in God

• 7.1 Trusting In
• 7.2 Implications of Trusting In
• 7.3 Trust in God
• 7.4 Trust in God Normally Requires Belief
• 7.5 Uncertainty about Divine Authorship
• 7.6 The Importance of Recognition in John's Gospel
• References
• Index

• Pt. 1. Contrastes
• 1. Une solidarité organique
• "La solidarité du sang"
• Une responsabilité croissante
• Un processus religieux d'intériorisation
• Le voisinage
• Marginalité et solitude
• 2. Le choix du désert
• Seul et un
• Les richesses du désert
• Des asociaux
• Malheur à celui qui est seul s'il vient à tomber
• Un symbole fort
• En ville, le reclusoir
• Pt. 2. La conquête du "Je"
• 3. Le jardin secret de Pétrarque
• Je me cloîtrerai dans mes pensées
• Cruauté de l'amour
• Mon secret
• Le cauchemar de la ville
• Deux en un
• 4. L'escorte de la mélancolie
• Un espace personnel
• Être reconnu
• La mélancolie solitaire
• Ambivalences
• 5. Montaigne et le bon usage de la solitude
• La paix de "l'arrière-boutique"
• Alternances
• L'amitié, une solitude à deux
• Pt. 3. Une solitude subversive
• 6. "Le courtisan masqué"
• L'ennui
• L'honnête homme
• Être vu
• Le masque, une clôture intérieure
• Alceste, le misanthrope : chacun est pour soi
• La solitude de la disgrâce
• 7. Paysages
• Les arbres ne parlent pas !
• Un refrain littéraire
• Le silence des espaces infinis
• La retraite, ou l'oxygène de vie
• 8. Retour au désert
• La solitude mentale
• Dans les marais de Port-Royal
• Pauvre, mortifié et solitaire
• Une solitude existentielle
• Spiritualité du désert
• Pt. 4. Vies privées sous l'Ancien Régime
• 9. Les veuves
• Une seconde vie
• Remariages : quelques chiffres
• De la solitude à l'indépendance
• Secondes noces
• L'entrée au couvent
• Arrachements
• 10. La plainte amoureuse
• L'amour incurable
• Une loi accommodante
• L'amour perdu
• Femmes battues
• "Je découvris que je n'étais rien"
• Cages dorées
• Hôtels ou maisons de retraite
• 11. Vieillir solitaire
• À quel âge devient-on vieux
• Ô vieillesse ennemie...
• Le bon vieillard du XVIII' siècle
• Étranger chez soi
• Les Mémoires, une seconde vie nostalgique
• "J'attends vaguement je ne sais quoi"
• Pt. 5. La sociabilité des Lumières
• 12. Le solitaire est un barbare
• Les plaisirs de la société
• Rituels sociaux
• La stabilité du village
• Le vagabond solitaire
• 13. Rousseau, un misanthrope
• "Moi seul"
• Il n'y a que le méchant qui soit seul
• Fuir
• Le drame
• Solitude et chimères, entre rêves et réalité
• "Me voici donc seul sur la terre"
• Pt. 6. Le triomphe de l'individualisme
• 14. Un refuge : le journal intime
• Un besoin du récit de soi
• Une histoire souterraine
• Moi et un autre, conflit ou pacification ?
• "Je ne suis plus un contemporain"
• Une solitude souveraine
• 15. L'évasion des voyages
• Le dépaysement : un autre "usage" de la solitude
• S'égarer
• La dernière demeure
• 16. L'égalité fait-elle des solitaires ?
• Les contradictions de la démocratie
• La démocratie, un individualisme collectif
• "Un bain de multitude"
• Une dérive individualiste ?
• 17. L'isolement carcéral
• Misère des prisons
• Une prison-modèle
• Isolement carcéral ou travail en commun ?
• L'enfer de l'île du Diable
• 18. De la vieille fille à la célibattante
• Répartition
• La précarité
• Solitude des filles au village
• Une éternelle mineure
• Séparée, divorcée, marginale
• Vivre seule a un coût.

"Deuil, séparation, célibat... la solitude est souvent vécue comme une défaite. Elle offre pourtant un moyen d'évasion et représente une forme de contestation, de contre-modèle social. Tous, nous avons vocation à devenir des mystiques, des poètes et des-aventuriers en quête d'un refuge secret où n'avoir pour loi que nous-mêmes et notre conscience. Dans cette Histoire de la solitude, Sabine Melchior-Bonnet dessine le portrait de solitaires majestueux, heureux ou malheureux. Elle montre comment la solitude, créative et insoumise, est désir de se libérer. Que devient-elle à une époque où l'humain et la machine Semblent se confondre ? Où les secrets ne sont plus protégés et l'existence est standardisée ?"--Page 4 of cover.

• Theodicy: God or evil?: Irenaeus
• Augustine
• Thomas Aquinas
• John Hick
• Alvin Plantinga
• God and evil: Friedrich Nietzsche
• Richard Dawkins
• Divine hiddenness
• Rudolf Otto
• The Kabbalah
• Karl Barth
• Karl Rahner
• Empirical science
• A cultural, historical and literary survey: Does the devil exist? A persistent belief
• Stepping stones to Europe
• Demonology in medieval literary culture
• The Reformation: Two magisterial reformers: Martin Luther
• John Calvin
• De-sacralisation
• The Catholic reform: Three outstanding reformers and conflict with the devil: Saint Ignatius Loyola
• Saint Teresa of Avila
• Saint John of the Cross
• The devil in the era of modernity: Poetry and literature in a new age
• Twentiety-century chronicles of evil
• Exorcism: A historical and theological analysis: Exorcism: The historical context
• Towards a theological assessment of exorcism
• Conclusion
• Appendix: Towards a psychological analysis of possession and exorcism.

• Turtles all the way down
• The final three minutes of a movie
• Where does intent come from?
• Willing willpower : the myth of grit
• A primer on chaos
• Is your free will chaotic?
• A primer on emergent complexity
• Does your free will just emerge?
• A primer on quantum indeterminacy
• Is your free will random?
• Interlude
• Will we run Amok?
• The ancient gears within us : how does change happen?
• We really have done this before
• The joy of punishment
• If you die poor.

"One of our great behavioral scientists plumbs the depths of the science and philosophy of decision-making to mount a devastating case against free will, an argument with profound consequences. Robert Sapolsky's "Behave," his now classic account of why humans do good and why they do bad, pointed toward an unsettling conclusion: We may not grasp the precise marriage of nature and nurture that creates the physics and chemistry at the base of human behavior, but that doesn't mean it doesn't exist. Now, in "Determined," Sapolsky takes his argument all the way, mounting a brilliant (and in his inimitable way, delightful) full-frontal assault on the pleasant fantasy that there is some separate self telling our biology what to do. This book offers a marvelous synthesis of what we know about how consciousness works--the tight weave between reason and emotion and between stimulus and response in the moment and over a life. One by one, Sapolsky tackles all the major arguments for free will and takes them out, cutting a path through the thickets of chaos and complexity science and quantum physics, as well as touching ground on some of the wilder shores of philosophy. He shows us that the history of medicine is in no small part the history of learning that fewer and fewer things are somebody's "fault"; for example, for centuries we thought seizures were a sign of demonic possession. Yet, as he acknowledges, it's very hard, and at times impossible, to uncouple from our zeal to judge others and to judge ourselves. Sapolsky applies the new understanding of life beyond free will to some of our most essential questions around punishment, morality, and living well together. By the end, Sapolsky argues that while living our daily lives recognizing that we have no free will is going to be monumentally difficult, doing so is not going to result in anarchy, pointlessness, and existential malaise. Instead, it will make for a much more humane world"-- Provided by publisher.

"Argues that truth, moral right, political right, and aesthetic value may be understood as arising out of a naturalist account of humanity, if naturalism is rightly conceived"-- Provided by publisher.

• Preface : one very small candle
• Introduction : what is moral courage?
• Part I. Moral courage as concept. Moral courage : what we know and what we need to know; Stories of moral courage : data and research methodology
• Part II. Understanding moral courage. "We're going to do what's right, we may papy a price for it, but that's fine" : Steve Zimmer on protecting undocumented students; "No one, not even the president, is above the law" : Erwin Chemerinsky on suing President Trump; "If we organize, we can change the world" : Heather Booth on social activism; "I am going to do this. I am going to do this to the end" : Kay Monroe on caring for the elderly; "The courage you have ... It's not something you consciously think about" : Amal on anti-Muslim bullying; "It would be a violation fo the public trust to not do all I could to stop the wrongdoing" : Loretta Lynch on speaking truth to power during the Enron crisis; "Nothing else...would enable me to look in the mirror the next day" : Vikram Tej on fighting caste in India
• Part III. A richly faceted moral courage. When nobody's watching
• Conclusion : learning from the lives of others.

• Introduction: the creativity complex
• How we all became creative
• The creative society: Reagan and the California crusade
• Creativity and the classroom: maker education and labor precarity
• Discarded creativity: libertarian mythologizing and steampunk nostalgia
• Creativity's monsters: Frankenstein, self-fulfillment, and the art/tech interface
• Creative futures: the Pacific century, the creative century
• Epilogue: from the ruins, reconstructing creativity.

Richly researched, the book explores how creativity has been invoked in arenas as varied as Enlightenment debates over the nature of the cognition, Victorian-era intelligence research, the Cold War technology race, contemporary education, and even modern electoral politics. Along the way, the book turns to a set of art works from mobile steampunk sculptures to bicentennial adaptations of Frankenstein to a musical about the US Presidential election that ask how our ideas about creativity are bound up with those of self-fulfillment, responsibility, and the individual, and how these might seduce us into joining a worldview and even a set of social imperatives that we might otherwise find troubling. The Creativity Complex traces the history of how creativity has come to mean the things it now does, and explores the ethical implications of how we use this term today for both the arts and for the social world more broadly.